【作者】 王明洁； 张蕾； 张琳琳； 谢小敏； 李绍峰；

【Author】 WANG Ming-jie;ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Lin-lin;Xie-Xiao-min;LI Shao-feng;Shenzhen National Climate Observatory;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Severe Weather in South China;Building & Environmental Engineering Department,Shen Zhen Polytechnic;

【机构】 深圳市国家气候观象台； 深圳南方强天气研究重点实验室； 深圳市职业技术学院建筑与环境工程学院；

【摘要】 利用2010-2013年精细的逐时霾、能见度和空气质量监测数据,分析深圳不同季节霾天气的变化特征、霾时大气能见度和首要污染物以及污染物浓度的变化特征,以期为更有针对性的开展霾天气的预报和预警提供依据.结果表明:深圳市霾日数总体呈现增多增强趋势,但具有阶段变化特征,近5年呈下降趋势;霾日数呈"V"型月分布即秋冬季多、春夏少,秋冬季多发持续时间长,影响严重的灰霾过程,春夏季多发持续时间短的灰霾;霾时各月平均能见度差异不明显(7 Km左右波动),与深圳的霾主要为轻微霾有关;霾时首要污染物依次为:细粒子颗粒物(PM2.5)、臭氧(O3)、粒子直径2.5-10μm的可吸入粒颗物(PM2.5-10)和二氧化氮(NO2);霾时冬春季首要污染物以PM2.5为主(75%以上),夏秋季以O3和PM2.5为主;霾时NO2和SO2无明显季节变化特征,PM2.5和PM10均呈"V"型变化,冬季最高、夏季最低,而O3相反,夏季最高、冬季最低,因此不同季节应关注不同的污染物变化,以提高霾等级预报和预警的针对性和预报能力.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the Meticulous observational data of hourly haze, visibility and air pollution quality monitoring of Shenzhen during 2010-2013, Seasonal variations of haze, horizontal visibility, premier pollutant and its content were analyzed in order to provide the basis for carrying out haze warning and forecast more pointedly. The results suggested that the annual haze days of Shenzhen presented an increasing trend overall and the phase change of a downtrend in recent 5 years. The monthly variations of haze showed "V" type that is more haze days emerged in autumn and winter than in spring and summer. There are more long duration and serious haze processes in autumn and winter but short duration ones in spring and summer. The average visibility abnormity of haze was insignificant(about 7 Km) in each month which attributed to most haze being slight haze in Shenzhen. The primary pollutants in the haze were PM2.5,O3,PM2.5-10 and NO2 respectively and changed with the seasons that PM2.5 is the main pollutant(above75%) in winter and Spring,O3 and PM2.5 are the main pollutants in Summer and Autumn and there is no significant variation of NO2 and SO2 with the seasons. The onthly variations of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in the haze showed "V" type that the most in winter and the least in summer. In contrast to PM2.5 and PM10, the content of O3 was most in summer and the least in winter. All of these indicated the variation of pollutants of different seasons should be focused on with the aim of improving the pertinency and ability of haze warning and forecast.更多还原