【作者】 李娟； 高建恩； 张元星； 邵辉；

【Author】 LI Juan;GAO Jian en;ZHANG Yuan xing;SHAO Hui;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University;College of Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources;Department of Geography,University of Guelph;

【机构】 西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院； 奎尔夫大学地理系； 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所； 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所；

【摘要】 针对水土保持措施特别是梯田措施对河流径流影响研究薄弱,该研究采用合作开发的嵌入梯田模块的SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)模型对流域内的多个水文站1970-1979年的月径流进行模拟,分析不同梯田面积对河道径流的影响。结果表明,梯田模块在模拟流域径流时可满足模型模拟精度的要求。流域梯田面积的增加,年均产流量减少,单位面积梯田造成的河道径流变化量先增大,后趋于稳定.与无梯田条件相比,梯田可以具有滞洪补枯作用,梯田占流域21.28%时,洪峰量平均减小18.50%,最枯月径流平均增加9.75%。新开发的梯田模块对该流域的月径流模拟具有较好的适用性,提高流域内梯田面积是滞洪补枯的有效手段之一,同时对保障流域河道的生态基流具有重要意义.更多还原

【Abstract】 Terraces have been proven to be an effective soil and water conservation practice for controlling high soil loss.To quantitatively analyze the effects of terrace on the runoff of Jinghe Watershed located in the Loess Plateau,normal terrace regulation effects were verified using the newly developed process-based terrace algorithm,which was by using the multi site calibration procedure.The measured dates used in paper included monthy runoff from 1970 to 1979.The effects of terrace areas on the runoff of the watershed were then explored by using scenario analysis approach.Results showed terrace algorithm could fulfill the simulation satisfactory critria in runoff.With the terrace area increased,the annual runoff reduced,and change per unit area of terrace first increased,then stabilized.When no terrace was set as the reference,terrace could delay the flood and add the drought season runoff.When the percentage of terrace area increased to 21.28%,flood peak volue reduced by an average of 18.50%,the most drought month runoff increased by an average of 9.75%.The newly developed terrace algorithm was capable for simulating monthy runoff in the watershed.Adding terrace area is the effective means to delay the flood and add the drought season runoff,and is of great significance to ensure the ecological base flow.更多还原