基于饮水安全的雨水收集系统水质时空变化规律研究

【作者】 白先发； 高建恩； 许秀泉； 李兴华； 李娟； 刘丽；

【机构】 中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心； 中国科学院大学； 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所； 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院； 沈阳农业大学水利学院；

【摘要】 针对雨水收集系统水质时空变化研究薄弱问题,基于修建的人工集雨系统,通过对雨水收集过程、不同集流面集流过程以及不同材质水窖贮存过程中典型水体水质指标COD_Mn、浊度等进行分析,结果表明:在次降雨过程中,各种污染物浓度随降雨持续进行呈现降低的趋势,部分污染物浓度可达到饮用水水质要求,在集流面底部应设置简单的装置去除前5min的初期降雨.集流面径流水质受人为影响较大,在集流面上的人类活动越频繁水质越差.经过集流面的雨水进入水窖,贮存40d以后,检测分析的各种污染物含量基本能达到饮用水水质要求.塑性固化土水窖和干性固化土水窖净化污染物能力大于固化土砌块水窖和水泥砂浆水窖,贮存初期污染物浓度越高,窖水水体得到自净所需时间越长,应加强集流面管理将污染物浓度降低在初期.更多还原

【Abstract】 Be aimed at the weak study of temporal and spatial variation of water quality in rainwater harvesting system,based on the artificial rainwater harvesting system,this study analyzed typical water quality index COD_Mn,turbidity of the water in the process of rainwater collection from Polyethylene plastic POTS,collector surface and water cellar.The results indicated that in the process of individual rainfall,some pollutants concentration can meet the drinking water quality standard.Simple device shall be set up in the bottom of the collector surface to remove the early rain.The water quality harvested from collector surface can be greatly influenced by human activities.The more frequently the human activities on the collector surface,the worse water quality collected from the surface will be.After the collected rainwater entering into the cellar with 40 days’ storage,most of the pollutants concentration can meet the drinking water quality standard.Plastic solidified soil water cellars and dry solidified soil water cellars have a stronger pollutants purifying ability than that of stabilized soil block water cellars and cement mortar water cellars.If the pollutants concentration is high at the early stage of storage,there will be a long term for the water to be self-purified.So it is necessary to strengthen catchment area management to limit the pollutants concentration at the initial stage of storage.更多还原