【作者】 余春； 王定明； 唐光鹏； 庄妍；

【Author】 Yu Chun;Wang Ding-ming;Tang Guang-peng;Zhuang Yan;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guizhou Province;

【机构】 贵州省疾病预防控制中心传染病防治研究所；

【摘要】 目的分析贵州省2 006年到2011年人间狂犬病疫情状况,探讨其流行趋势和流行因素,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对贵州省狂犬病病例进行个案调查分析。结果 2006年到2011年贵州省共报告狂犬病病例2065例,死亡2065例,病死率为100.00%,流行病学个案调查663例,病例主要以农民为主,50岁以上年龄组发病占34.01%,潜伏期最短2天,最长13年,潜伏期中位数54天,83.23%病例潜伏期小于6个月,潜伏期在1个月内的病例占29.91%,短潜伏期(潜伏期小于15天)病例占8.61%。犬为绝对优势暴露动物,病例由犬咬伤的占95.47%。病例在暴露后有259例进行过伤口处理,3.92%接种抗狂犬病免疫球蛋白,18.55%接种过狂犬疫苗。结论人群免疫水平低,在暴露后未得到规范处置是狂犬病发病的高危因素,做好暴露后人群的伤口处理、狂犬疫苗和狂犬病免疫球蛋白接种工作是防控狂犬病的重要措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of human rabies from 2006 to 2011 in Guizhou Province,identify the trends and epidemiological factors and provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control.Methods To analyze rabies cases by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 2065 cases of rabies,fatality rate of 100%,was reported from 2006 to 2011 in Guizhou.Epidemiological analysis of 663 cases,show that cases are mainly farmers patient and the incidence of above 50 years of age was 34.01%.The incubation period for rabies may vary from 2 days to 13 years,and the average incubation period was 54 days.83.23%incubation period cases were less than 6 months,and29.91%incubation period cases were in 1months,and 8.61%cases were the short incubation period(<15days).Dog is the dominant exposed animal,accounting for 95.47%was bitten by rabies.259 cases of them had wound treatment,and 3.92%vaccinated against rabies immune globulin,and 18.55%vaccinated with rabies vaccine.Conclusion Population immunization low level and not get standard disposal after exposure are the risk factors.Therefore wound treatment,wild dog vaccine immune globulin and rabies vaccination work is the prevention and control of rabies important measures.更多还原