【作者】 许彦； 何雪梅；

【Author】 XU Yan;HE Xuemei;School of Gemology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing);

【机构】 中国地质大学(北京)珠宝学院；

【摘要】 本文以西伯利亚的猛犸象牙为研究对象,通过宝石学常规测试、偏光显微镜、红外光谱、X射线粉晶衍射等研究手段,分析了猛犸象牙的宝石学特征及成分与结构特征,分析得知:猛犸象牙的主要无机成分是羟基磷灰石和水磷镁石,存在结晶质物质。红外光谱1025cm^-1、560cm^-1和602cm^-1处出现与PO₄^3-基团有关的峰位,有机物吸收峰较弱。猛犸象牙内部质地不均匀,横截面上可见同心圆状生长层,层与层之间存在结构薄弱面,内部呈纤维交织状结构,结构单元呈三维立体分布,交织组成猛犸象牙的牙体,纤维丝取向的区域性差异形成宏观的"勒兹纹"。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using the Siberia mammoth ivory as the research object,by means of conventional gemological testing,polarizing microscopy,infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction research,this paper analyzes the gemological characteristics,composition and structure of mammoth ivory.The basic inorganic components of mammoth ivory are hydroxyapatite（HA） and newberyite,some in crystalline state.In its infrared spectroscopy,the 1025cm^-1 peak and 602cm^-1 and 560cm^-1 peak are related to PO₄^3-,and peaks related to organic matter are weak.On cross section we can see concentric-circle-like growth layer,and there are weakly structural plane between layer and layer.In its fibrous structure,a slight difference in the fiber orientation formed "Retzius".更多还原