【作者】 韩宝华； 李建国； 马炳辉； 王慧娟；

【Author】 HAN Bao-hua;LI Jian-guo;MA Bing-hui;WANG Hui-juan;China Institute for Radiation Protection;

【机构】 中国辐射防护研究院；

【摘要】 进行了内陆核设施液态流出物的排放对水生生物鱼类影响的实验研究,为后续生物剂量估算及核设施放射性污染物对水生生态环境影响的预测研究提供基础数据。选择典型淡水生态系统中鱼类鲤鱼、鲟鱼作为参考生物,测量了生物学特征参数;采用投加稳定元素Sr、Cs的方法,实验研究水族箱玻璃器壁、不同过滤材料等对水体中Sr、Cs浓度的影响;实验研究鲟鱼、鲤鱼对水体中Sr、Cs的吸附行为,测量鲟鱼、鲤鱼不同部位内脏/头/肉/骨对Sr、Cs的浓度,给出浓度比推荐值。实验结果表明:在鲟鱼、鲤鱼吸附试验中,由过滤棉、陶瓷环、生物球三种过滤材料组成的循环过滤器对Sr、Cs无明显的吸附现象。鲟鱼内脏/头/肉/骨对Sr的最大浓度比是:0.53L/kg、3.58L/kg、0.51L/kg、6.60L/kg,鲟鱼内脏/头/肉/骨对Cs的最大浓度比是5.70L/kg、2.88L/kg、10.72L/kg、8.28 L/kg,鲤鱼内脏/头/肉/骨对Sr的最大浓度比是:0.51L/kg、15.20L/kg、0.59L/kg、22.94L/kg,鲤鱼内脏/头/肉/骨对Cs的最大浓度比是:8.09L/kg、3.11L/kg、7.98L/kg、3.86L/kg。鲟鱼、鲤鱼的骨、头对Sr的浓度比分别高于其内脏、肉的浓度比。与头、骨相比,鲟鱼、鲤鱼的肉对Cs的浓度比明显偏高。Sr容易被鱼骨、头所吸附,Cs则容易被鱼肉所吸附。不同元素,由于其生物特性的不同,其富集的器官有所差别。鲤鱼的骨、头对Sr的浓度比大于鲟鱼的骨、头对Sr的浓度比,而鲟鱼的肉对Cs的浓度比则大于鲤鱼的肉对Cs的浓度比。鱼种类不同,由于其生活习性、生物特性等不同,其对Sr、Cs吸附能力也不同。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sturgeon and carp were chose as reference freshwater organism near nuclear site.The biology characteristic parameters of sturgeon and carp were measured.The adsorption ability of the aquarium glass wall,four kinds of filter material and filter vessel about Sr and Cs were tested.Through the fifty days of breeding test,the Sr,Cs absorption behavior of the different parts such as bowel,head,meat and bone of fish were researched.The results show that the maximum concentration ratios of Sr about the bowel,head,meat and bone of sturgeon are 0.53L/kg、3.58L/kg、0.51L/kg、6.60L/kg respectively,the maximum concentration ratios of Cs about the bowel,head,meat and bone of sturgeon are 5.70L/kg、2.88L/kg、10.72L/kg、8.28 L/kg respectively,the maximum concentration ratios of Sr about the bowel,head,meat and bone of carp are 0.51L/kg、l5.20L/kg、0.59L/kg、22.94L/kg respectively.,the maximum concentration ratios of Cs about the bowel,head,meat and bone of carp are 8.09L/kg、3.11L/kg、7.98L/kg、3.86L/kg respectively.更多还原