【作者】 孙增慧； 李子忠；

【Author】 Sun Zeng-hui;Li Zi-zhong;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University;

【机构】 中国农业大学资源与环境学院；

【摘要】 [目的]研究东北玉米带土壤类型对玉米雨养潜力产量及产量差的影响。分析气象因子对玉米潜力产量及产量差在不同土壤上的影响[方法]利用2年在2中土壤上的田间试验数据对RZWQM2模型进行验证,应用该模型对东北玉米带春玉米1980-2012年雨养潜力产量及产量差进行估算。[结果]结果表明,RZWQM2模型在2中土壤类型表现出较好模拟效果。土壤含水量,地上生物量,叶面积指数模拟值与实测值间具有极好的一致性。33年玉米平均潜力产量在两种土壤上的值相同,为11299kg ha^-1,变异系数为15.6%。玉米潜力产量不受土壤类型影响。风沙土玉米平均雨养潜力产量为7628 kg ha^-1,变异系数39.8%;黑土玉米雨养平均潜力产量为8893 kg ha^-1,变异系数34.5%。风沙土平均产量差为3672kg ha^-1,黑土为2406kg ha^-1。在风沙土上,雨养潜力产量与6、7月份的降水显著正相关;在黑土上,雨养潜力产量与7月份的降水显著正相关。[结论]土壤类型影响东北玉米带春玉米雨养潜力产量及产量差。风沙土区提高6月和7月份土壤水分含量、黑土区提高7月份土壤水分含量能有效提高雨养潜力产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Understanding how soil type in the Corn Belt of Northeastern China（CBNC） affects both the potential yield of rain-fed crop（Yr）,and the yield gap（YG） between Yr and the water non-limiting potential yield（Yp）,is essential for enhancing corn（Zea mays L.） production to meet the national food demand.To do so,two years of experimental data were used to calibrate and validate the Root Zone Water Quality Model（RZWQM2）.The validated model was then used to estimate Yp and Yr,along with YG in black soil versus aeolian sandy soil using the same weather data from 1980 to 2012.The mean Yp was 11,299 kg-ha^-1（CV of15.6%）,which did not depend on soil type.The mean Yr was lower in aeolian sandy soil(7,628 kg-ha^-1,CV39.8%) than in black soil(8,893 kg ha^-1,CV of 34.5%).The mean YGs were 3672 kg-ha^-1 in aeolian sandy soil and 2406 kg-ha^-1 in black soil.The mean relative soil water content was significantly greater in the root zones of black soil,relative to sandy soil.Values Yr was positively correlated with the precipitation in June and July in aeolian sandy soil,and in July in black soil.The YGs was negatively correlated with the precipitation in June and July in both soils.Therefore,soil type affected Yr and YGs under the same weather conditions.Our study demonstrates that an important way to increase local Yr and decrease YGs is to improve soil water conditions in June and July for aeolian sandy soil and in July for black soil.更多还原