【作者】 冯小波；

【Author】 FENG Xiaobo~(1,2)(1 Insititute of Cultural Relices and Archaeology of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430077,Hubei;2 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Institut de Paléontologie Humaine,Paris 75013,France)

【机构】 湖北省文物考古研究所；

【摘要】 长江是中国最长的河流,全长逾6300 km。长江流域约占中国陆地总面积的1/5。与黄河流域相比,长江流域的旧石器时代考古发现和研究在很长一段时间里是滞后的。自从1965年在云南省元谋盆地发现了元谋人牙齿化石以后,经过30余年的工作,一系列的重要发现使人们清楚地认识到,早在200多万年前,长江流域就有远古人类在居住,并创造了丰富的远古文化。属于直立人的有元谋人、建始人、郧县人、南京人等地点。属于早期智人的有桐梓人、长阳人等地点。属于晚期智人的有资阳人、丽江人、穿洞人等。中国的古人类化石材料不支持“取代论”,而支持地区连续进化为主,基因交流为辅的进化模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Yangtze Valleys are the largest valleys in China,measure about 6300 squarekilometers and take one fifth of Chinese total terrestrial superficies.But thepaleoanthropological and archaeological researches in the region were initiated much laterthan those in the Yellow River Valleys,the second largest valleys of China.Since thediscovery of Yuanmou Man,represented by two upper incisors,in 1965,a series ofimportant discoveirs were achieved in the past 30 years.These advancements demonstratethat the Yangtze Valleys were inhabited by human since more than 2 million years ago andthey created a series relevant important cultures.The prehistory human localities or sitesdiscovered so far in the Yangtze Valleys total 31,including 9 localities or sites of Homoerectus,4 sites of early Homo sapiens and 18 sites of late Homo sapiens.The characteristicsof hominid fossils from China do not support the“Replacement Theory”but support thetheory based on the“Regional Continuity”associated with“Gene Exchanges”.Theprehistory cultures of the Yangtze Valleys are characterized by“Gravel Industry”.更多还原