【作者】 雷延军； 李向阳；

【Author】 LEI Yan-jun LI Xiang-yang ( School of Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

【机构】 哈尔滨工业大学管理学院；

【摘要】 建立了两阶段双渠道库存模型,模型假设制造商和零售商都有库存,产品以两种方式进行销售,即传统的零售库存与网络直接渠道。系统接收来自两类顾客的随机需求,一类是偏好传统的零售库存模式,另一类是偏好网络直销模式渠道。当任何一种渠道发生缺货时,顾客将会以已知的概率搜寻和转换到另一种渠道,论文基于一对一库存控制政策,研究了供应链包含有两种运作成本的成本结构：库存持有成本和缺货损失成本的绩效测度,并用实例加以说明。更多还原

【Abstract】 We present a two-echelon dual-channel inventory model in which stocks are kept in both a manufacturer warehouse (upper echelon) and a retail store (lower echelon),and the product is available in two supply channels: a traditional retail store and an Internet-enabled direct channel.The system receives stochastic demand from two customer segments:those who prefer the traditional retail store and those who prefer the Internet-based direct chan- nel.The demand of retail customers is met with the on-hand inventory from the bottom echelon while the demand in the Internet-enabled channel is fulfilled through direct delivery with the on-hand inventory from the upper eche- lon.When a stock out occurs in either channel,customers will search and shift to the other channel with a known probability.A one-for-one inventory control policy is applied.In order to develop operational measures of supply chain flexibility,we define cost structure which captures two different operational cost factors:inventory holding costs and lost sales costs.We discuss several insights that are evident from the parametric analysis of the model. We also examine the performance of two other possible channel distribution strategies:retail-only and direct-only strategies.Computational outcomes indicate that the dual-channel strategy outperforms the other two channel strate- gies in most cases,and the cost reductions realized by the flexibility of the dual-channel system may be significant under some circumstances.更多还原