【作者】 杨洪晓； 卢琦； 吴波； 张金屯； 杨恒华； 孙德福；

【Author】 YANG Hong-xiao LU Qi WU Bo ZHANG Jin-tun YANG Heng-huaSUN De-fu( College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Chinese Research and Development Center for Combating Desertification, ChineseAcademy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; Shazhuyu Sand Control ExperimentalStation, Gonghe, Qinghai Province 813005, China)

【机构】 北京师范大学生命科学学院； 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所； 青海省沙珠玉治沙试验站；

【摘要】 在运用TWINSPAN和CA分类排序的基础上,研究了青藏高原木格滩高寒沙地人工重建植被的一些主要特征和物种多样性的变化规律。研究发现:在由治理沙地东南边缘向沙地内部西北方向延伸的过程中群落盖度、赖草盖度和多年生草本植物的物种数目占群落总物种数目的比值逐渐降低,可以表明植被恢复程度的降低;植物群落的恢复程度同它在治理区中所处的空间位置有很大的关系,这很可能是由于不同位置上近地面风沙活动的强度不同造成的;一些物种多样性指数的变化与植被恢复的变化趋势很不一致,在恢复初期和后期物种多样性较低,在恢复中期的物种多样性较高。另外,放牧未必会引起植被的退化,如果适当利用的话,有可能促进植被的恢复;丘间地具有很高的物种多样性,可能是流动沙丘植被恢复重建的一个重要物种扩散源。本文还建议,在流沙治理中应该集中进行大面积的治理,而避免分散治理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two important multivariate methods TWINSPAN and CA were used to classify and ordinate vegetations in alpine sandy land of Mugetan, Tibetan Plateau, and subsequently their main characteristics and regularity of those human-restored vegetations are studied. The following conclusions were drawn in this study. Total cover, cover of Leymus secalinus, proportion of species number of perennial grass to total number of species decreased gradually from southeast edge of the experimental area to northwest, which meant that degree of vegetation restoration in northwest were lower than in southeast. Position in experimental area of sand control could affect vegetation restoration greatly, and positions nearer to shifting sand dunes restored their vegetations slower, as maybe resulted from difference in activity of wind and sand on the ground. Species diversity couldn’t develop in the same trend as vegetation restoration. Some indices of species diversity were higher at intermediate stage of restoration than the initial or late stage. It is not necessary that grazing always leads to vegetation degradation, and if used correctly, it may facilitate vegetation restoration. Inter-dunes may be important species sources for sand dunes to restore vegetations, for species diversity is quite high there. It is also suggested that the larger plot of sandy land controlled artificially have the more core area to restore vegetation effectively.更多还原