【作者】 刘霞； 杨艳丽； 罗文富；

【Author】 LIU Xia, YANG Yan - li, LUO Wen - fu (Department of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China)

【机构】 云南农业大学植物保护学院；

【摘要】 马铃薯粉痂病是由Spongosprra subterranean f．sp．subterranea引起的,是一种典型的土传病害。侵染马铃薯引致马铃薯块茎发生小疱,在皮层细胞中产生海绵状有裂痕的休眠孢子囊堆(孢子团),表皮破裂后孢子团散出,形成粉状的疮痂症状; 侵染番茄引起根或茎部肿瘤,亦寄生于龙葵Solanum nigrum L．等野生植物上。2004 年马铃薯收获期调查了昭通市和会泽县等云南马铃薯主产区的马铃薯粉痂病发生情况,共调查7个乡镇,8个马铃薯品种,调查了发病率、海拔、土壤类型和栽培模式等方面。结果表明:在会泽县和昭通市调查的品种中,会-2的发病情况最轻,平均发病率分别为26％和28．32％;而会薯 003、PB06、PB04、合作88的发病情况较重,其中会薯003的平均发病率达到 100％。比较会泽县和昭通市马铃薯粉痂病的发生情况,会泽县的平均发病率达到 59％,昭通市为35％;对不同品种的发病率进行方差分析,得到会-2与其他品种在发病情况上存在显著差异性,抗马铃薯粉痂病,其他品种不同程度的感病。测定采集土样的N、P、K、有机质含量及PH 值,分析它们与马铃薯粉痂病发生情况的关系,结果表明:不同品种马铃薯的发病率与N、P、K、有机质的含量及PH值之间的相关性不显著;PB06的发病率与N、有机质呈正相关趋势,与P、K、PH值呈负相关趋势,其中与K含量的相关系数R为 0．693;会-2的发病率与土壤PH值、K含量呈负相关,相关系数R分别为0．384、 0．858,其中与土壤中K含量相关性显著, 与土壤中P、有机质含量呈正相关趋势, 相关系数R分别为0．727、0．323,与土壤中N含量呈正相关,相关系数R为0．993, 相关性显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Powdery scab caused by Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea, is primarily ablemish disease that has become increasingly important in resent years. Spongospora subterranea forms long lived cystosori cluster (spore balls) in lesions and can be both tuber- borne and soil - borne. Pathogen produces scab or blister on the tuber surface. It causes severe tuber distortion and reduce the marketvalue of the crop. Whereas, on tomato roots produces wart like galls, it also can infect wild plants such as Solanum nigrum L.Investigate 7 villages and towns, 8 potato cultivars in Zhaotong and Huize for the circumstances of powdery scab in 2004. The result shows that the average incidence of Hui - 2 is 26% and 28% which is the lowest in the investigation cultivars, and incidences of Huishu - 003、PB06、 PB04、 Hezuo88 are severe.The average incidence of Huize is 59%, and Zhaotong is 35%. Analyse the relativity between the content of N.P.K.Organic substance in soil and incidence of powdery scab, the result shows incidence of PB06 decreases when reduce the content of N、 Organic substance or increase PH. K. P. Incidence of Hui-2 reduces whenPH and K increase or P and Organic substance decrease, their relativity coefficient is 0.384、0.858、 0.727、 0.323 respectively. Incidence of Hui - 2 is related to the content of N in soil and their relativity coefficient is 0.993 which means their relativity is significance.更多还原