【作者】 宇万太； 张璐； 马强；

【Author】 YU Wantai ZHAO Xin ZHANG Lu MA Qiang Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016

【机构】 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所；

【摘要】 本文以16年定位试验为平台,研究了不同施肥制度肥料的增产效应,肥料单施和配施对作物产量的贡献率及肥料贡献率年际变化情况,同时也分析了8种施肥制度的稳产性能。结果表明:不同施肥处理对作物产量有明显影响,作物平均产量 NKP>NP>NK>N>PK>P>K>CK,无氮区(P、K、PK 处理)的作物产量低。肥料对产量的年际贡献率 N、NP、NK、NPK 处理总体呈上升趋势,而 P、K、PK 处理则表现出下降的趋势,且个别年份为负值。从化肥氮磷钾的增产效果上看,总趋势是 N>P>K。作物年际间产量的变异系数存在着随化肥的全面施用而下降的趋势,玉米在 NPK 处理的稳产性能最好,大豆在 PK 处理的稳产性最好;同时试验 NPK 处理的作物产量稳定性最高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking 16 years different fertilizer application long—term located experiment as a platform,this paper studied yield increasing effect among fertilizers,effect of single and combining application of fertilizers to yield contribution,inter—annual variations of contribution of fertilizers,analysis on stable yield features of different fertilizer application.The results show that fertilizer ap- plication has the obvious influence on the crops output,crops average output is NKP>NP>NK>N>PK>P>K>CK,non— nitrogen treatment is low in output.The inter—annual variations of contribution of fertilizer to crop yield in N,NP,NK,NPK treatments assumes the trend of escalation,but P,K,PK treatments display the trend of drop,also the individual years are negative values.The trend of yield increasing effect among fertilizers is N>P>K.The coefficient of variation of the inter—an- nual output has the tendency of drop along with the chemical fertilizers comprehensive,stable yield feature of the corn in the NPK treatment is the best and in the PK the soybean is the best,simultaneously,in the NPK treatment the crops yield is the stability to be highest.更多还原