【作者】 刘国彬； 杨勤科； 郑粉莉；

【Author】 LIU Guo-bin, YANG Qin-ke, ZHENG Fen-li(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100)

【机构】 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所；

【摘要】 黄土高原以其深厚的黄土和严重的水土流失成为世界上一个特殊区域。本文分析了黄土高原水土流失特征,介绍了该区小流域综合治理与生态建设成就及未来发展的前景。在过去30年来,中国政府对于黄土高原小流域水土保持和生态建设予以高度重视。科学家根据黄土高原小流域治理理论与实践,提出了黄土高原国土整治的“28字方略”及水土保持型生态农业概念,研究了小流域生态系统健康评价方法及指标体系。讨论了在新时期下黄土高原小流综合治理与生态建设前景,提出退耕还林还草与沟道工程措施结合。加强生态系统自我修复功能的系统研究以及在以小流域为单元的基础上,加强中尺度生态环境建设试验示范研究和科学评估生态恢复的环境效应等建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Loess plateau becomes a special area as its deep loess and serious soil loss. This article analyzed the soil loss feature of this region and introduced the achievements and future of watershed reconstruction and ecosystem construction. The government has paid attention to the soil and water conservation and ecosystem construction of this area in past three decades. Based on theories and practice of loess plateau watershed reconstruction, scientists brought out ’twenty-eight guidelines’ of soil renovation in loess plateau and soil and water conservation eco-agriculture conception, and researched watershed eco-system health-evaluation methods and index system. With the study on the loess plateau foreground of watershed reconstruction and ecosystem construction in new era, this article put forward these advices: combining slope farmer land conversion project and gully project measures, strengthening the systemic study on the ecosystem self-restoration function, reinforcing the middle scale ecosystem construction demonstration research and evaluating environment effect of ecosystem restoration based on the unit of small watershed.更多还原