【作者】 刘满强； 胡锋； 陈小云； 何圆球；

【Author】 LIU Man-qiang, HU Feng, CHEN Xiao-yun, HE Yuan-qiuCollege of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095; Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.

【机构】 南京农业大学资源与环境学院； 中国科学院南京土壤研究所；

【摘要】 在红壤生态试验站退化红壤不同植被恢复下的长期定位试验地中,选择恢复10年的4种人工林(小叶栎、木荷、马尾松及木荷-马尾松混交林)和2种荒草地(保护荒草地、轻度干扰荒草地)及疏草荒地对照(侵蚀退化荒草地)作为样地,进行蚯蚓种群的季节动态调查,并测定了主要土壤质量指标。结果表明,退化红壤植被恢复10年后蚯蚓种群有了明显发展,但仅1种天锡杜拉蚓存在。蚯蚓密度和生物量在不同植被恢复下有很明显的分异,季节平均值顺序为:保护荒地>干扰荒地>小叶栎>木荷>马尾松>混交林>疏草荒地,其中前三者显著高于其余植被类型(P<0.05)。蚯蚓种群季节波动明显,夏季干热有强烈的抑制作用。就季节变异系数所体现的种群稳定性而言,小叶栎最高,而马尾松最低,荒草地也较低。由植被类型决定的归还土壤的有机物数量和质量是蚯蚓种群分异的主要驱动因子。通过简单相关分析和多元回归分析可以发现,蚯蚓数量和生物量与土壤质量指标,尤其是土壤化学和生物学指标,都有高度的相关性,说明在退化红壤不同植被恢复下土壤质量发展中,蚯蚓是极具潜力的土壤质量指示者。另外,联系蚯蚓种群发展,讨论了退化红壤恢复中选择适宜植被类型的重要性。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was conducted at the long-term experimental plots in Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil in Yu jiang County (28° 15’ 30" N, 116° 55’ 30" E), Jiangxi Province, subtropical China. Earthworm population was investigated seasonally from May 1999 to February 2000, under different vegetations including four kinds of artificial woodlands: deciduous broadleaf woodland (Quercus chenii, Qc), evergreen broadleaf woodland (Schima superba, Ss), coniferous woodland (Pinus massonina, Pm), and mixed woodland (Schima superba-Pinus massonina, Sm) and two grassland including gently-disturbed grassland (G1), undisturbed grassland (G2) and control wasteland (CK). Results indicated that the population structure was very simple. Only Drawida gisti Michaelsen characterized by pioneer was found. Seasonal averages of density and biomass were in the order G2> Gl>Qc>Ss>Pm>Sm>CK, and G2, Gl and Qc were significantly higher than the latter (P<0. 05). Seasonal fluctuations were obvious with dry-hot summer depressing the earthworm population sharply, leading to the aestivation of earthworm. Based on variation coefficients of density and biomass, Qc had the highest ecosystem stability, followed by Sm, Ss, then Gl, G2, and Pm had the lowest stability. Overall, the differentiation of earthworm population were driven by the quantity and quality of organic matter determined by the vegetations. Correlation and regression analysis showed that there were significant correlations between earthworms and some soil quality indexes, which indicated that earthworm population had much potential as indicator of soil quality during the restoration of degraded soil under different vegetations. Additionally, based on earthworm population, the importance of selecting appropriate vegetation types during the restoration of degraded red soil had also been emphasized.更多还原