【作者】 张强； 陈明昌； 程滨； 杨志平； 刘平； T.W.Speir；

【Author】 Zhang Qiang Chen Mingchang Cheng Bin Yang Zhiping liu Ping T.W.Speir( Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031) ( Institute of Environmental Sciences and Research Limited, Wellington, New Zealand)

【机构】 山西省农科院土壤肥料研究所； Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited,Wellington,New Zealand；

【摘要】 将两种不同性质的城市污泥（消化污泥和未消化污泥）装入土壤渗漏仪内,在实验室条件下培养30周,每周定期定量浇水,同时定期收集淋洗液,分析淋洗液内的NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N、NO₂^--N。研究结果表明,消化污泥和对照水分下渗很顺利,淋洗液体积大,但未消化污泥因含水量较大,淋洗速度慢,淋洗量较少。在培养期内,两种污泥淋洗液的pH值在前6周均呈上升趋势,以后逐步下降,未消化污泥的上升和下降幅度均高于消化污泥,对照的PH值变化不大。消化污泥内的NH₄⁺-N在前11周内以100mg/L的速度淋洗,以后急剧下降;NO₃^--N的淋洗也有类似规律,但淋洗的时间较长,速度较NH₄⁺-N缓慢,在30周左右达到最高,以后逐渐下降。未消化污泥的NH₄⁺-N和NO₃^--N的淋洗也有相同规律,但淋洗量远低于消化污泥。对照的NO₃^--N淋洗量高于两种污泥,但NH₄⁺-N的淋洗量极少。两种污泥内均有NO₂^--N淋出,但未消化污泥远高于消化污泥。研究结果表明,城市污泥施入土壤后,只有较少部分的NH₄⁺-N和NO₂^--N淋出,氮的淋洗总量较低,试验期内对地下水的质量影响不大,但未消化污泥较消化污泥有较高比例的NO₂^-N淋出,应予以重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 In New Plymouth pasture of New Zealand, 18 lysimeters were carved into sandy soil monolith and then amended with digested sewage and undigested sewage sludge.In the laboratory, lysimeters were subjected to an irrigation regime which simulated to New Plymouth mean rainfall and the leachate were collected at regular intervals and analyzed pH, NH4+ , NO3-, and NO2-.The results suggested that the blend of digested sewage sludge and soil were conducted as "soil-like" characteristic to transmit water readily, but the undigested sewage sludge transmit water very slowly, so the leachate volume was less than that of digested sewage sludge. The pH of leachate for two sewage sludge were the highest at the sixth week and then dropped after 6 weeks, but no change for control.NH4+ -N was leachated at a constant rate of 100mg/L in previous 11 weeks for digested sewage sludge, but then ceased until the experiment finished. Although NO3-was stilling leaching at the end of the experiment (30weeks) , the leachate amount is equivalent to NH4+ -N. For undigested sewage sludge, the leaching rate was lower than digested sewage sludge, but the trend is similar to digested sewage sludge. In contrast, control leached the most NO3-even higher than digested sewage sludge, but no NH4+ and NO2 was leached out from control.It was noticed that much more NO2 leached from undigested sewage sludge than digested sludge. These results indicated that only a small proportion of N added to soil in sewage sludge may be leached in the first few months.However, significant NH4 + -N and NO2- for undigested sewage sludge could have an adverse effect on impacted aquatic life.更多还原