【作者】 廖艳芬； 马晓茜； 李飞； 赵增立； 陈勇；

【Author】 LIAO Yanfen, Ma Xiaoqian, Li Fei, Zhao Zenli, Chen Yong(Electric Power College, South China University of Technology., Guangzhou 510640, China Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China)

【机构】 华南理工大学电力学院； 中科院广州能源研究所；

【摘要】 化石燃料燃烧利用过程中排放的大量毒害气体和CO2对生态环境造成重大危害,由此产生的环境问题越来越引起世界各国的关注,相应的控制排放技术不断发展,其中生物质能源利用由于其CO2零排放成为最有发展潜力的技术之一。本文采用了LCA方法,选择生物质气化发电、热裂解发电、直接燃烧发电以及生物质与煤混烧发电四种方案与燃煤发电进行了对比,分析生物质利用过程减排温室气体CO2、毒性气体(SOx、NOx)的作用。结果表明在生产1kW.h电能的生命周期中,四种生物质发电方案的CO2排放远远小于燃煤发电,特别是生物质气化联合循环发电和生物质锅炉燃烧发电两种方案减排CO2达到了90%以上。由于生物质低硫和低氮特性,四种方案中NOx和SOx的减排量也非常显著,生物质与煤按1:1质量比混燃都可以达到了61.2%和45.75%的减排效果。综合而言,生物质能的利用,不论是气化、热解或者混烧都是减排CO2、NOx和SOx有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 More attention have been paid to the global warming and environment problem, which is due to large quantities of SOx, NOx and CO2 emission form fossil fuel utilization. Various technologies are developed to control the emission, in which biomass utilization comes to be the most potential one since its neutral emission of CO2. Compared with coal-fired power generation, four kinds of power generating methods using biomass as fuel are chosen to analyze the effect of biomass utilization on reducing of noxious gas emission by means of LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), which are biomass gasification combined-cycle, biomass combustion, biomass pyrolysis and co-combustion with coal respectively. Results show that the emission of CO2 of lkW.h electricity generation during these four methods is all less than coal-fired power generating method by far; especially the reducing emission of CO2 can reach above 90% during biomass gasification combined-cycle power generation and biomass combustion power generation. The reducing emission of NOx and SOx are also obvious since the low nitrogen and sulfur content in biomass, and the reducing emission percent can reach to 61.2% and 45.75%respectively when biomass co-combusted with coal in mass ratio as 1: 1. In general, conclusion was draw that all these technologies have good effect on NOx , SOx and CO2 emission control.更多还原