【作者】 缪晓玲； 吴庆余；

【机构】 清华大学生物科学与技术系；

【摘要】 藻类具有生物量大、生长周期短、易培养以及含有较高的脂类等优点,是制备生物质液体燃料的良好材料。以小球藻和微囊藻为材料快速热解可获得17.5%和23.7%的油产率。微藻热解所得的生物质燃油饱和烃含量平均为1.14%,非烃含量平均为31.17%;小球藻和微囊藻生物质燃油饱和烃组分的碳分布分别位于C₁₀～C₃₀和C₁₀～C₂₈之间,均以C₁₇～C₁₉为主峰。微藻生物质燃油的C,H含量较木材的高,而O含量较低,因此微藻生物质燃油的热值高,平均高达29 MJ/kg,是木材或农作物秸秆的1.4倍,且较木材等的热解油稳定。通过微藻细胞中脂类含量的提高可使热解油的产率提高3～4倍;同时获得高品质、高热值的生物质燃油,热值高达41 MJ/kg,与3号燃油相当。更多还原

【Abstract】 Among biomss, microalgae are suggested as a very good candidate for fuel production because of the advantages of larger biomass, faster growth and higher content components preferable for pyrolysis compared to lignocellulosic materials. The liquid product yields of fast pyrolysis from Chllorella protothecoides and Microcystis are 17. 5% and 23. 7% respectively. The saturated and polar fractions account for 1. 14% and 31. 17% of the bio-oils of microalgae on average. The GC chromatogram of the saturated fraction of bio-oil from Chllorella protothecoides shows that the carbon distribution lies between C10 and C30, while it lies between C10 and C28 for Microcystis, however both of them exhibit a maximum in the range of C17 to C19. Bio-oil product from fast pyrolysis of microalgae has a higher heating value of 29 MJ/kg, which is about 1. 4 times of that of wood. The production of bio -oil is increased by 3 - 4 times through regulating the lipid contents of microalgae and a higher heating value of 41 MJ/kg of the bio-oil is obtained.更多还原