【作者】 徐静； 任立良； 程媛华； 袁飞；

【Author】 XU Jing~1 REN Li-liang~1 CHENG Yuan-hua~2 YUAN Fei~1 (1.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology,Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University 2 2,Nanjing 210098,China; 2.Taihu lake basin administration of the Ministry of Water resources,Shanghai 200434,China)

【机构】 河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室； 水利部太湖流域管理局；

【摘要】 由于地形指数的计算与数字高程模型 DEM 空间分辨率紧密联系,采用 TOPMODEL 进行水文过程的模拟通常受到 DEM 分辨率的影响。本文引入分辨率因子考虑 DEM 分辨率对单宽上坡集水面积的影响;对坡度应用分形的方法,将计算地形指数的尺度变化方法与 TOPMODEL 进行耦合,构建不受 DEM 分辨率影响的 TOPMODEL,并将其应用于褒河流域的9场次洪模拟,结果表明,使用27″分辨率的 DEM 数据作为模型输入,不受 DEM 分辨率影响的 TOPMODEL 模拟得到的结果较接近于3″分辨率 DEM 数据下的结果。该方法能在一定程度上削弱 DEM 分辨率对 TOPMODEL 模拟精度的影响,是一种合理可行解决水文过程中尺度问题的有力工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 The topographic index is scale-dependent which leads the simulation performance of TOPMODEL to be dependent on DEM resolution.To overcome the problem,this research has developed a concept of resolution factor to account for the scale effect on the upslope contributing area per unit contour length and a fractal method introduced for the steepest slope.The method to downscale the topographic index distribution is coupled with TOPMODEL to develop the scale invariant TOPMODEL and is applied to simulate 9 flood events in the Banhe River basin.It is shown that the simulated runoff from the scale invariant TOPMODEL applied at 27-aresecond resolution DEM,with the same set of effective parameter values derived from 3-arcsecond resolution DEM,have agreed well with the simulated runoff at 3 are-seconds DEM resolution TOPMODEL.The conclusions can be drawn that the scale invariant TOPMODEL can remove partial effect of DEM resolution on TOPMODEL performance and is a useful tools to solve the scaling problem in hydrologic modeling.更多还原