【作者】 付辉； 王军； 杨开林； 崔巍；

【Author】 Fu Hui~1 Wang Jun~2 Yang Kailin~1 Cui Wei~1 (1.China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China; 2.School of Civil Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei Anhui 230009,China)

【机构】 中国水利水电科学研究院； 合肥工业大学土木建筑工程学院；

【摘要】 冰情是高纬度河流冬季常见的一种自然现象,冬季的北方河流,由于水力条件、热力条件和几何边界条件等因素的共同作用往往会形成冰塞或冰盖。冰盖的产生改变了河流的流速分布结构,使过流断面的湿周几乎成倍增加,其能量损失可比明流状态下增加62%,过流量减少29%。冰期的河道,由于冰盖糙率随时间不断变化、冰对沙的挟带输运、冰盖对泥沙启动流速和对泥沙输运等共同的影响,会形成特有的冰期输沙现象。本文对国内外学者的冰期输沙研究进行了系统的分析,重点介绍了浮冰输沙、冰盖下输沙、泥沙启动流速和冰盖下流速分布等方面的研究现状,对今后的研究方向提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the factors of hydrodynamic,thermal and geometric boundary conditions,the riv- ers in north of China usually form ice jam or ice cover in winter,which changes velocity profile of the river and increases wetted perimeter remarkably.Compared with open channel,the energy loss increa- ses 62% and the discharge decreases 29%.During the freezing period,the ice cover roughness keeps changing all the time,frazil ice affects the sediment transport and the ice cover influences the threshold velocity of sediment.So the sediment transport under ice cover has its unique characteristics.This pa- per introduces the recent development in the sediment transport under ice cover and emphasizes on sedi- ment transport under floating ice,sediment transport under ice cover,threshold velocity of sediment and velocity distribution under ice cover.Some shallow suggestions for future studies are also given.更多还原