【作者】 谢丰； 李德萍；

【Author】 Xie Feng Li Deping (Qingdao Meteorologic Bureau,Shandong Qingdao 266003,China)

【机构】 青岛市气象局；

【摘要】 利用中国1961~2000年122个辐射观测站的逐日地面辐射资料,和全国729个基本站点逐日平均气温,194个站点逐日最高气温和最低气温,分析地面接收到的太阳辐射和气温之间的相关关系,试图从地面太阳辐射与气温的对应关系中分析气温日变、月变、年变过程中的特征以及定量估计辐射在形成气温年变过程中的作用,从相关强弱中也能看出下垫面和大气环流的某些影响。研究结果表明:(1)逐日平均气温、最高气温、最低气温与总辐射、直接辐射、散射辐射和净辐射显著正相关,净辐射与平均气温的相关系数最高,全国大部分地区都在0.7以上,总辐射和直接辐射与平均气温相关系数也很高,北方地区比南方高、内陆比沿海地区高。(2)辐射-气温月季变化特征为:接收相同太阳辐射的情况下,春季气温偏低,秋季气温偏高,纬度越高越明显,实际情况是我国春季接收辐射大于秋季,但是春季气温和秋季相差不大。我国辐射-气温的对应不均衡情况,是气温对太阳辐射响应滞后的体现。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the data of 122 routine ground radiation observatories; 729 stations’ surface daily average temperature and 194 stations’ daily maximum and minimum temperature from 1961 to 2000 in China, we analyzed the their correlation, attempt to find the characteristics of diurnal variation; monthly variation and annual variation between solar radiation and temperature, and estimate the effect of solar radiation. According to their correlation, we can easily find the effects of underlying surface and atmospheric circulation. The results show that: (1) there was a positive correlation between average daily temperature; high temperature; low temperature and global radiation; direct radiation; scatter radiation; net radiation. The highest correlation coefficients was average temperature and net radiation, greater than 0.7 over most of China. The higher correlation coefficients was average temperature and global radiation; direct radiation, northern areas more higher, inland areas more higher. (2)Monthly variation of radiation-temperature was that: if received the same radiation, spring temperature was lower than autumn, the more significant the more latitude increased. But the actual situation is radiation received in spring more than in autumn, the temperature is different little. This phenomenon reflected radiation response lag of temperature.更多还原