【作者】 陈怀亮； 邹春辉； 刘玉洁； 徐祥德；

【Author】 Chen Huailianga,b,c , Zou Chunhuib, Liu Yujiec, Xu Xiangded a Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China b Henan Research Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Zhengzhou 450003, China c National Satellite Meteorological Center of China, Beijing 100081, China d Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081,China

【机构】 南京信息工程大学； 河南省气象科学研究所； 中国气象科学研究院； 国家卫星气象中心；

【摘要】 植被覆盖是主要的地球生态系统指标,大区域范围植被覆盖变化体现了自然和人类活动对生态环境的作用,同时植被变化与气候变化密切相关,成为全球变化研究的热点之一。本文利用中国黄淮海地区1981～2001年的NOAA/AVHRRNDVI卫星遥感资料、植被分类资料和气候资料,选择森林、草原、草甸、农田等植被类型,对该区域NDVI季节与年际动态变化过程及与气候变化过程的关系进行了研究,初步揭示了研究区植被的季节性与年际性变化特征及其与气候变化过程的关系。结果表明:受季风气候影响,黄淮海区域植被年变化在整体上呈现出很强的季节性,年际变化上整体呈不太显著的上升趋势,其中春季上升变化趋势比其他季节明显;稀疏植被类型与森林植被类型年际变化均比较稳定,农业植被变化比较剧烈,反应出研究区地面覆盖类型受人类活动影响相对较大的事实;同时发现近年来研究区植被覆盖有退化的现象;研究区以农业植被为主,自然植被约为农业植被的一半,不同植被类型区平均NDVI的年际变化规律大致相同,只是变化幅度不尽相同;全年降水、气温对植被NDVI动态变化具有正效应,而蒸发为显著相关的负效应;水分条件是春、夏季影响针叶林、草原及农业植被生长的敏感性因子,水、热条件在秋季对一年两熟植被及阔叶林、草原植被生长均十分重要,而冬季所有植被类型与气候要素相关均不显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vegetation cover is the primary index of the earth’s ecological system and the change in large-scale vegetation cover represents the effects of natural and human activities upon ecological environments and change in vegetation bears an intimate relation with that of climate, thus being one of the heated issues in the research of global change. In the context of 1981-2001 NOAA/AVHRR NDVI satellite sensings, classified vegetation types and climate data for the Huanghe-Huaihe-Haihe (HHH) zone and based on a range of vegetation types selected, including forested land, grassland, meadow and farmland, study is conducted on the dynamic variations of NDVI on a seasonal and an interannual basis, together with their relations to climate change investigated, thus achieving some preliminary findings regarding the seasonal and interannual variation features of the HHH vegetation. Results show that, viewing the situation as a whole, the yearly variation displays intense seasonality under the control of monsoon climate while looking at the interannual variation, the 1981-2001 mean NDVI exhibits insignificant rise trend, bigger in spring compared to other seasons; types of scattered vegetation and forests are more steady on an interannual basis but the agricultural types change dramatically, indicating relatively greater effect of human activities; the vegetation degradation has occurred in the HHH zone in recent years; farmland vegetation is dominant and natural vegetation is about half the agricultural area; for different vegetation types, multi-yearly mean NDVI follows almost the same course on an interannual basis, except for some difference in range between them; yearly rainfall and temperature have positive effect on dynamic NDVI variation while evaporation is in higher negative correlation with the NDVI; Water is a sensitive factor to the growth of conifers, grassland and crops in spring and summer. Water and heat are important to biannual crops, broadleaf trees and grassland vegetation in autumn. In winter all types of vegetation are insignificantly correlated to climate factors.更多还原