【作者】 严昌荣； 何文清； 马辉； 王序俭； 曹肆林；

【Author】 ~1Yan Chang-Rong ~1He Wen-Qing~* ~1Ma Hui ~2Wang Xujian ~2Cao Silin (1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,CAAS,Beijing 100081;2.Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi 832000)

【机构】 中国农业科学院农业环境可持续发展研究所； 新疆农垦科学院；

【摘要】 本文以新疆石河子棉区作为研究对象,对连续20年覆膜单作棉花、棉花-西红柿轮作和连续10年单作棉花棉田的地膜残留状况进行了调查,研究结果显示石河子地区棉田地膜残留污染十分严重,土壤中平均残留量高达300.65±49.32 kg·ha^-1。土壤中残膜量与覆膜年限有关,覆膜年限越久,残留量越高。连续覆膜20年和10年的棉田中地膜残留量分别为307.9±35.84 kg·ha^-1和259.7±36.78 kg·ha^-1,同时,种植模式对残膜量也存在一定的影响,连续20年覆膜种植棉花.西红柿的土壤中残留量最高,达到334.4±47.88 kg·ha^-1。三种种植模式下棉田土壤中残留地膜的片数都非常的高,数量在1000～2000万片/ha 之间,主要集中在 0.100m 的表层土壤中。研究结果还显示大多数残膜面积较小,集中在1～25 cm²之间,小于25cm²的片数都超过了总片数的80%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 With investigation of residue of mulching plastic film of the filed in mono-cotton planting system mulched plastic film lasting 20 years,cotton-tomato,and mono cotton planting system mulched plastic film lasting 10 years in Shihezi,the result shows that has been a very serious pollution.And the average amount of residue of mulching plastic film rained in the cotton field soil is 300.65±49.32 kg·ha^-1.The amount of plastic film residue depends on how long for the utilization of mulching plastic film,and the longer of utilization plastic film,the more of the plastic film residue in the filed.For the mono cotton planting system mulched plastic film for 10 years and 20 years,the amount of plastic film residues are 307.9±35.84 kg·ha^-1 and 259.7±36.78 kg·ha^-1,respectively.At same time,the amount of plastic film residue also affected by the planting model.For the cotton-tomato planting system mulched plastic film lasting 20 years,the plastic film residue arrived the maximum value,about 334.4±47.88 kg·ha^-1.The results also indicate the amount of plastic film residue pieces are from 140 to 180 million per hectare,and most of them are distributed in 0-10cm soil layer,and most of the residue piece is a bit area, about 1～25 cm²,and the amount of the residue piece less 25cm² is over 80%.更多还原