【作者】 杨殿林； 李长林； 李刚； 刘红梅；

【Author】 YANG Dian-lin, LI Chang-lin, LI Gang, LIU Hong-mei (Agro-Environmental Protection Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China)

【机构】 农业部环境保护科研监测所；

【摘要】 利用1959—2004年气候资料和1981—2004年草地群落定位监测资料,分析内蒙古羊草草甸草原地区气候变化特征,剖析气候变化对羊草草甸草原群落植物多样性和初级生产力的影响。结果表明:1959—2004年,羊草草甸草原地区气温呈显著的波动式上升过程,年平均气温增加0.044℃·a-1,高于全球平均温度的增幅;年平均气温的升高并不是一个均匀变化过程,冬季变化幅度最大,其次是春季、夏季,秋季最小;同期的年降水量也有增加的倾向,降水振幅加大,但增幅并不显著。在各季节降水的变化中,夏季降水变化较大,秋季和春季次之,冬季变化最小;1981—2003年期间,羊草草甸草原地区气温与降水匹配性较差。草地群落初级生产力主要受降水影响,与气候变暖的相关关系并不显著;群落中植物种群的初级生产力有的对降水较敏感,有的对气温响应更强烈;当前气候变暖的幅度尚没有对羊草草甸草原群落生产力和群落组成产生明显影响,群落建群种羊草、日荫菅和主要伴生种贝加尔针茅、山野豌豆、地榆、肾叶唐松草、斜茎黄芪、变蒿、红柴胡、寸草苔地上初级生产力与年平均气温变化相关关系不显著,群落中占总地上生物量的6.04%的线叶菊、草地麻花头和蓬子菜地上初级生产力对年平均气候变暖的响应更显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 The features of climate change of Leymus chinensis meadow steppe in Inner Mongolia and its influence on the plant diversity and primary productivity of Leymus chinensis meadow steppe were analyzed according to the climate data from 1959 to 2004 and the monitoring data of grassland community from 1981 to 2004. The results showed that: From 1959 to 2004, the temperature of Leymus chinensis meadow steppe significantly increased in fluctuant process, the annual average temperature increased 0.044℃ and was higher than the increase of global average temperature. The process of the increase of annual average temperature was not well-proportioned, the biggest change was in winter, followed by spring and summer, the lowest change was in fall; the annual precipitation was also in the increased tendency over the same period, the amplitude of precipitation increased but not significantly. In the changes of precipitation of every season, the change in summer was higher followed by fall and spring, the change in winter was lowest. The temperature and precipitation of Leymus chinensis meadow steppe matched poor during the period of 1981 to 2003. The primary productivity of grassland community was mainly affected by precipitation but was not significantly related to the climate warming; some of the primary productivity of plant populations in community was more sensitive to precipitation, and some was more strongly in response to temperature; the current extent of climate warming had not significantly influenced the productivity and component of Leymus chinensis meadow steppe community, the primary productivity of community species Leymus chinensis, Carex pediformis and the main companion species Stipa baicalensis, Vicia amoena, Sanguisorba officinalis, Tnalictrum petaloidoum, Astragalus adsurgens, Artemisia commutate, Bupleurum scorzoneraefolium, Carex duriuscula was not significantly related to the annual temperature change, the primary productivity of Filifolium sibiricum, Serratura komarovii and Galium verum which occupied 6.04% of the aboveground biomass in the community was more strongly in response to the annual average climate warming.更多还原