对肿瘤患者在治疗护理中应注意的伦理问题

【作者】 金亚平； 赵紫荣； 石玉莲；

【机构】 包头市第七医院；

【摘要】 目的:在肿瘤患者的治疗中,虽然医疗护理技术是主要的,但医护人员所具有的伦理道德也是不可忽视的,为使肿瘤患者延长其生存时间及促进部分早期癌症患者的康复, 本文试从医学伦理角度,就肿瘤患者的治疗护理中应注意的伦理问题谈几点粗浅看法。方法:肿瘤患者治疗护理的伦理要求。1、护理人员要有强烈的同情心和高度的责任感。如果患者一旦知道自己得了肿瘤,将处于极度痛苦之中,因此把生命希望寄托在医护人员身上,护理人员不能辜负患者的信赖,认真担负起救死扶伤的重任,就患者生命于绝望时刻,解患者痛苦于需要之时。不仅要有强烈的同情心,而且要有“死”里求生的高度责任感。肿瘤患者最显著的心理特征就是非常敏感,情绪不稳定,时而暴躁、时而抑郁失望、时而对现实拒不接受,甚至拒绝配合治疗,时而有消极的接受自暴自弃,还有的患者表面上乐观豁达但内心仍然忧郁脆弱,容易受外界的各种影响以及机体状况的支配,一有风吹草动就容易表现出各种不同的心理反应。对此,我们要耐心、热情做好患者的心理护理,多使用安慰解释性语言,使患者情绪稳定,正视现实,积极地配合治疗及护理。2、肿瘤是一种慢性消耗性疾病,使患者对护理人员的照顾更加迫切地寄予厚望,但由于治疗和生活护理的长期及效果差异性,却丧失了信心。护理人员在伦理道德上要克服厌烦情绪．要更加耐心细致的关心体贴他(她)们,了解其思想情绪,及时消除不良情绪的影响,使患者树立战胜疾病的信心和决心,积极主动配合治疗及护理。结果:护理人员的伦理要求应做到以下几点:1、对身患肿瘤的患者应保持冷静,切实做好主动、热情、耐心细致的护理工作,认真细致地观察患者的每一微小的病情变化,及时采取措施,防止发生意外,一定要把患者的各项护理工作当作自己的神圣职责。2、护理人员在护理肿瘤患者时,必须慎之又慎,防止趾高气扬,漫不经心、马虎从事的不负现任的态度和表现,护理人员应准确无误地执行各项技术操作常规,以精湛的护理技术服务于患者。且严格杜绝护理操作中出现差错和意外,给患者增加不应该有的痛苦。3、护理人员在仪表装束、言谈举止、风度气质,要为患者所接受,以使护理人员和患者及家属在感情上达到高度信赖,使患者处于最佳心理状况配合医护人员,达到预期的治疗效果。4、对肿瘤患者不允许有不道德的行为,要体现科学作风与尊重人权的统一,特别是对特晚期肿瘤患者,既要保持冷静的科学作风,又要寄予无比的亲切与同情,这也是护理人员应具备的伦理道德之一。结论:护理肿瘤患者是一项重要而严肃的任务,把采取的每项治疗护理措施都和患者的安危密切地结合起来,不仅要从诊疗护理的角度,还要伦理道德的高度去考虑,以期获得最理想的治疗护理效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: The nurses’ morality is very important in treating tumor patients. In order to last their lives and help them get well, we should treat them morally according to the medical ethic. The nurses must have strong sympathy and responsibility. We should devote our patience, enthusiasm to the treatment, and talk to them patiently to comfort them so that they can face their diseases with optimize and cooperate with the treatment. Methods: Tumor is a chronic and consumptive disease, so the patients have an urge hope to their paramedics, but because of the long-term treatment, the chemotherapy, and the unsatisfying effect, they almost lose hearts to go on. As for the paramedics, they should get rid of their impatience and take care of patients more carefully and kindly, also they had better know the patients’emotion and help them to be optimistic so that the patient will accept advanced treatment confidently. Result Treating tumor patients is a very serious and significant task. The paramedics should pay much attention to both the ways of treatment and the safety of the patients not only in the way of medical care, but ethically as well so as to get a satisfying effect. What more we should make the patients accept the treatment in a proper spirit. Conclusion: In treating the patients, we should not only use scientific ways but also respect their human rights especially in treating terminal patients.更多还原