【作者】 王之昌；

【Author】 Wang Zhichang (Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China)

【机构】 东北大学化学系；

【摘要】 类理想溶液模型和类稀溶液模型,概括了组元A1、A2、…、Aq的活度恒定条件下,各类多元溶液(A1+A2+…+Aq+B+C+… +Z)相对于其亚系(A1+A2+…+Aq+B)、 (A1+A2+…+Aq+C)、…、 (A1+A2+…+Aq+Z)的热力学性质的简单规律;这些多元溶液广泛应用于冶金学,例如电解质和非电解质的水溶液、有机混合物、固态和液态合金、熔盐、炉渣和非化学计量固态化合物等。本文系统介绍了这两个溶液理论模型的热力学和统计热力学基础,介绍了这两个理论模型的主要数学方程式,以及在湿法和火法冶金中的可能应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ideal-like solution model and dilute-like solution model are generalized by the simple rules of thermodynamic properties for the multicomponent systems (A1+A2+...+Aq+B + C+...+Z)related to their subsystems(A1+A2+... +Aq+B) , (A1+A2+...+Aq+C) , ..., (A1 + A2+...+Aq + Z) at constant activities of A1, A2, ..., Aq. These multicomponent systems are widely used in metallurgy such as electrolyte and nonelectrolyte aqueous solutions, organic mixtures, solid and liquid alloys, molten salts, slags and nonstoichiometric solid compounds. The thermodynamic and statistical basis of the ideal-like solution model and dilute-like solution model and their main working equations were presented. Their possible applications in hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes were also discussed.更多还原