【作者】 熊李虎； 陆健健； 童春富； 何文珊；

【Author】 XIONG Li-hu, LU Jian-Jian, TONG Chun-Fu, HE Wen-Shan State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062

【机构】 华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点实验室；

【摘要】 2002年7月至2004年6月,采用固定样线调查法对上海郊区祝桥镇、机场镇和朝阳农场公路沿线的芦苇和混合农作物生境中的红隼种群密度进行了观测调查。结果表明,整个区域红隼种群密度具有明显的月、季变化特征。种群最高密度出现在2002年10月和2003年12月,最低密度出现在6月;种群密度最高和最低季节为秋季和夏季,冬季红隼种群密度稍低于秋季,这可能由于部分红隼冬季南迁引起。在空间上,不同区域红隼种群密度也具有明显的差异。混合农作物区红隼种群密度平均为0.0406±0.0270只/ha(n=24),芦苇区红隼种群密度平均为0.0120±0.0131只/ha(n=24)。混合农作物生境中红隼种群密度在整个年周期中都显著高于芦苇生境(t-检验,t=4.66,df=33,P=<0.001),红隼在生境选择上更加偏好混合农作物区。混合农作物生境中适宜栖木的密度明显高于芦苇区(t=6.75,df =5,P<0.05),微生境类型也显著多于芦苇区(t=2.99,df=4,P<0.05),夏季,混合农作物区和芦苇区植被盖度没有显著差异(t=-0.28,df=5,P>0.05),但是冬季芦苇区植被盖度显著高于混合农作物区(t=-3.53,df=5,P<0.05)。混合农作物区较开阔的视野、夏季较小的植被覆盖度、多样化的微生境以及较多的适宜栖木,是其红隼种群密度高于芦苇区的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Common Kestrels’ population density in the common reeds area and mixed farmland near Zhuqiao Town, Jichang Town, Chaoyang Farmland of Shanghai was studied with a transect count method on a fixed route from July, 2002 to June, 2004. It was proved that the population density of Kestrel had monthly and seasonal variation. The peak of population density appeared in October 2002, December 2003 and the lowest population density appeared in June. To the seasonal variation, the highest population density of Kestrel appeared in autumn, and lowest in summer, in winter the population density was a little lower than autumn. This might be caused by the vagrants of Kestrels. Mixed farmland habitat supported a significantly higher population density of Kestrels than the reeds habitat(t=4.66, df =33,P<0.001). Mixed farmland habitat had significantly more suitable perch(t=6.75, df = 5, P<0.05), more diversity of micro-habitat type (t =2.99, df=4, P<0.05) and in winter a significantly lower vegetation coverage (t= -3.53, df =5, P<0.05) than the reeds. These habitat differences had appeared to explain the mechanism of higher Common Kestrel population density distribution in the mixed farmland habitat.更多还原