【作者】 张鑫； 王洪源； 王涛； 赵微； 张志刚； 王旗；

【机构】 北京大学公共卫生学院； 北京市崇文区疾病预防控制中心； 国家气象中心；

【摘要】 目的研究北京城区沙尘天气过程对人群以呼吸系统症状为主的急性健康影响。方法采用自填式问卷调查法对北京市崇文区4所小学852例4-5年级学生及1653例成人进行调查,内容包括被调查者一般情况,浮尘天气过程自觉不适症状及诊疗情况等。同时收集浮尘天气过程PM₁₀,NO₂及SO₂的日平均浓度,对大气各污染物与人群症状发生率做多元回归分析,并对儿童与成人的症状发生率进行比较。结果浮尘天气过程导致儿童与成人组发生眼、口、鼻、咽喉等部位的不适症状,大气PM₁₀浓度与人群多数症状的发生率间存在正相关,此外,儿童对浮尘污染的刺激更为敏感。结论浮尘天气导致大气PM₁₀浓度的升高,主要对人体呼吸系统产生急性刺激作用,为短期效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aim To assess the acute health effects of the population exposure to a dust event in Beijing.Methods A total of 852 children from 4 primary schools and 1653 adults were investigated in Beijing by the questionnaires during a dust event.The symptoms,such as upper respiratory and stimuli symptoms,were recorded daily.The daily air pollution (PM₁₀,NO₂ and SO₂) data were monitored at the same time.The association between the concentrations of air pollutants and the incidence of symptoms in exposed population were analyzed by multiple regression models.Results Positive associations were found between the PM₁₀ concentrations and respiratory symptoms both in children and adults during the dust event.The children are more susceptible than adults to air pollution.Conclusion Our findings suggest that the overall effect of dust event on human health is likely to be acute.There were positive association between increased ambient air PM₁₀ and incidence of upper respiratory symptoms.更多还原