【作者】 安韶山； 黄懿梅； 李壁成；

【Author】 AN Shao-shan , HUANG Yi-mei , LI Bi-cheng (1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling, Shaartxi, 712100, China; 2. Northwest Sci-Tech University of agriculture and Forestry, Yangling Shaanxi, 712100, China)

【机构】 中国科学院水利部西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所； 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院；

【摘要】 宁南宽谷丘陵区固原试区经过20多年的综合治理与生态恢复重建,土地利用结构和林草覆盖率发生了很大的变化。本文针对不同生态环境建设对土壤肥力质量的影响进行了研究,结果表明:天然草地和灌木林地有机质、速效氮和速效钾等养分含量明显高于农地和果园,土壤pH和容重降低,土体中>5mm水稳性团聚体和>0.01mm微团粒的数量显著地增加,土壤的营养状况得到很大改善,结构变好,协调供应养分和水分的能力提高,能促进粘粒形成聚积,提高土壤酶活性,有效地减少水土流失,防止土地退化和保护生态环境。土壤综合质量指数表现为灌木林≈天然草地>人工草地>农地≈果园。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil quality restoration and soil manage is the key factor for vegetation construction and eco-environment sustainable development in Loess Plateau. The evolvement rule of soil chemical, physical, biological indicators and soil comprehensive quality index were clarified with different vegetation recovering ways. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, CEC are shown as bush forest land> natural meadow> artificial meadow>orchard>farmland, but the available P and available K are different influenced by fertilizing. The density of soil was shown as: orchard>farmland>natural meadow>artificial meadow>bush forest land in the surface layer. Soil total aggregate was shown as: natural meadow > bush forest land > orchard > farmland >artificial meadow. To different lands usage types, bush forest land and natural meadow had promote function to the development of larger particle diameter aggregate, but farmland , orchard and artificial meadow had the function to the smaller ones. Soil microaggregate was shown as higher content of 1-0.01mm tiny aggregate in bush forest land, artificial meadow and natural meadow, but orchard was lower comparatively. There were distinct differences in soil biology enzyme activities. Natural meadow had the highest enzyme activity, than bush forest land and artificial meadow, orchard and farmland were lower. For bush forest land, it was higher enzyme activity in longer planted year than shorter, but orchard was no remarkable differences.更多还原