【作者】 曾贵玉； 黄辉； 徐容； 郁卫飞； 吕春绪；

【Author】 Zeng Guiyu Huang Hui Xu Rong Yu Weifei Lv Chunxu ( School of Chemistry Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing,210094; Institute of chemical materials, CAEP, Mianyang,621900)

【机构】 南京理工大学化工学院； 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所；

【摘要】 纳米含能材料由于具有优异的爆轰、力学和安全性能而受到全世界的广泛关注,纳米含能材料的微观结构如组分分布、颗粒尺寸、晶型等显著影响其感度和爆轰性能。溶胶-凝胶方法允许在纳米尺寸上控制材料的微观结构,因此可用于制备具有全新和所需性能的纳米含能材料,溶胶-凝胶法已成功制备出纳米含能复合材料和单分子纳米含能材料。与传统类似材料相比,溶胶-凝胶法制备的纳米含能材料或复合材料结构更均匀、燃烧更快、对热起爆更敏感、对机械撞击更钝感,因此可在许多领域获得应用。本文介绍了溶胶-凝胶法的形成过程及溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米含能材料的六种工艺,概述了溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米含能(复合)材料的研究进展,分析了溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米含能材料的应用前景和发展趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 A review. Nanoenergetic materials have attracted widespread research interests in recent years because of their unusual explosion, mechanical and safety properties. Nanoenergetic materials’ microstructural properties such as ingredient distribution, particle size, and morphology affect both sensitivity, and detonation performance. Sol-gel approach allows microstructural control on the nanometer scale, so it can be used to produce nanoenergetic matreials with entirely new and desirable properties. Many experiments have proven that sol-gel approach is successful in manufacturing nanoenergetic composites and monomolecular nanoenergetic materials and these nanoenergetic materials or composites burn faster, are more sensitive to thermal ignition and more insensitive to impact than their conventional counterparts. Here we describe the sol-gel approaches and its six kinds of techniques to manufacture nanoenergetic materials and composite, sum up the research situations of nanoenergetic materials and composites’ manufacturing using sol-gel method and analyze its application foreground and development trend.更多还原