【作者】 程金新； 李云； 王勇； 姜金仲； 王谦； 冯大领；

【Author】 CHENG Jin-xin; LI Yun; WANG Yong; JIANG Jin-zhong; WANG Qian; FENG Da-ling. (Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083; Forestry Centre, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083; Environment Department, Beijing Forestry University., Beijing 100083;,)

【机构】 北京林业大学林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点开放实验室； 北京林业大学实习林场； 北京林业大学总务产业处环境科； 河北农业大学；

【摘要】 探索银杏2n配子的诱导方法对于三倍体银杏品种培育具有重要意义。试验以北京地区银杏雄花芽为材料,试图探索利用不同浓度的秋水仙碱人工诱导花粉染色体加倍的方法和可能性。初步用浓度为0．1％、0．2％、0．3％、0．4％、0．5％、0．6％的秋水仙碱溶液,分别对水培和自然非离体条件下诱导雄配子染色体加倍的方法进行了探索,比较了两种情况下不同处理浓度和处理方法诱导效果的差异。结果表明: 自然非离体状态下棉浸法处理得到了大花粉,但得率较低,最高为7％,若进一步加大药液处理浓度或适当延长处理时间,将有可能较大幅度提高大花粉得率;水培条件下的棉浸法和注射法处理均未得到大花粉,其原因和适宜的诱导方法还有待进一步探索。以正常花粉作对照,用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(简称LSCM)对经秋水仙碱处理诱导出的大花粉进行了DNA含量的定量测定,初步确认本试验诱导的大花粉是一种二倍体花粉。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is very useful and important for triploid breeding of Ginkgo biloba to explore how to induce In pollen doubled into 2n. Based on the successful polyploidy breeding experiences of other plants, this paper try to find some means and ways, by using the male flower buds of Ginkgo growing in Beijing, to induce doubling pollen chromosome with various concentrations of colchicines and in different treatments. With 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.6% colchicines, doubling pollen chromosome on both flower branch cultured in water and trees growing naturally were tried respectively and the differences of inducing effects under two conditions were analyzed. The results indicate: the large size pollen was obtained from the buds treated by colchicine in the soaked cotton on trees, but the percentages were relatively low with the highest among them being 7%. It is estimated that there will be a corresponding increase of large size pollen by increasing concentrations of colchicine and prolonging treatment time. Unfortunately, the large size pollen was not found by treating flower branch cultured in water, the reasons and optimal ways were still being probed. The DNA relative content of large unreduced pollen grains induced by colchicine was determined quantitatively with LSCM using the normal-sized pollen grains as control. The result suggested that the large unreduced pollen grains are diploid.更多还原