【作者】 安建东； 吴杰； 彭文君； 童越敏； 国占宝； 李继莲；

【Author】 AN Jian-dong, WU Jie, PENG Wen-jun, TONG Yue-min, GUO Zhan-bao, LI Ji-lian (Institute of Apiculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China)

【机构】 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所；

【摘要】 2004-2006年连续3年应用明亮熊蜂和意大利蜜蜂在北京为温室桃园传粉,其访花行为和传粉生态学的研究结果表明,两种蜂都可以替代人工掸花为温室桃园提供有效的传粉服务。但明亮熊蜂和意大利蜜蜂的访花行为和传粉效果不同,明亮熊蜂偏爱于采集花粉,主要以震动翅膀的方式来使花粉释放和传播,而且明亮熊蜂的活动起点温度低、日工作时间长、访花速度快,在低温条件下比意大利蜜蜂的传粉效果好;意大利蜜蜂偏爱于采集花蜜,主要以身体接触的方式来粘附和传播花粉,而且意大利蜜蜂的趋光性强,飞撞温室塑料薄膜的现象严重,受温度和光照条件的影响较大,对温室环境的适应性较差。更多还原

【Abstract】 Continuously three years’ investigation were conducted on foraging behavior and pollination ecology of two species of Chinese bee, bumblebee Bombus lucorum L. and honeybee Apis mellifera L. released in peach greenhouse in Beijing in 2004 - 2006. The results showed that the two species visit predominantly peach flowers for pollen and nectar and simultaneous provide more effective pollination for the host than that of manual work. But the foraging time and duration, visiting velocity, and position selection of flowers on trees are significantly different between the two species. Compared with A. mellifera, B. lucorums begins to work at a lower temperature and can visit more flowers each day. B. lucorum has a tendency of foraging pollen and released pollen mainly by the way of vibrating their wings. The activity of A. mellifera can be easily affected by weather conditions. It, especially adult honeybee, is sensitive to sunlight and often bumps itself on the roof of plastic film in greenhouse. A. mellifera gathered and released pollen mainly via the touch of its body during foraging nectar. As a result, B. lucorums is more effective in peach pollination in cloudy days and as a better pollinator than A. mellifera in peach greenhouse.更多还原