【作者】 朱威； 胡福良；

【Author】 Zhu Wei, Hu Fuliang (College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029)

【机构】 浙江大学动物科学学院；

【摘要】 香精油及其某些组分具有显著的抑螨效果。萜类化合物(主要是单萜)是香精油的主要成分,占总量的90％左右。研究者通过筛选试验测定了多种香精油及其一些组分的抑螨能力,大部分表现出良好的抑螨效果,但只有少部分在蜂群试验中表现出强抑螨能力。百里酚(又叫麝香草酚,是香精油的一种组分)是目前唯一一种在养蜂业中广泛使用的香精油组分。百里酚或其中的一些组分,杀螨率一般都超过90％,甚至达到100％,而且对蜜蜂危害小,长期使用后残留量很低。这种高抑螨的现象,目前只在欧洲的个别地区发现,要应用于生产,还有许多工作要做。因此, 有必要对此作进一步的研究,以达到最优化目标。同时联合其它治疗手段,建立一套全面的害虫防治策略,实现蜂螨的最终控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Essential oils and essential oil components offer an attractive alternative to synthetic acaricides for the control for Varroa jacobsoni. Terpenes (mainly monoterpenes) are the main components of essential oil., comprising about 90% of the total. Many kinds of essential oils and components of essential oils have been evaluated in laboratory screening tests and most of them show an excellent acaricides. However, few of them have proven successfully when tested in field. Thymol and thymol blended with essential oils or essential oil components offer a promising exception. Mite mortality obtained with these formulation typically exceeds 90% and more. In addition. residues in honey are low. even after long erm treatments. The exact conditions under which these formulations will yield reliable and effective control, However, have only been determined for certain regions. It is not sufficient to maintain mite population below the economic injury level. Efforts are necessary to optimize the use o these substances and to incorporate them. Along with other measures for limiting mite populations into an integrated pest management strategy for control of Varroajacobsoni.更多还原