【作者】 姜小慧； 万小龙；

【Author】 Jiang Xiaohui,Wan Xiaolong Department of philosophy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Wuhan, 430074

【机构】 华中科技大学哲学系；

【摘要】 EPR论证作为质疑量子力学完备性的有力证据,对量子力学的发展产生了深远的影响。但是在EPR论证一开始提出的时候,由于缺乏实验上的支持,对垒双方谁也不能说服谁,始终僵持不下,直到贝尔不等式的提出,才在判定方法上有了突破。贝尔不等式基于爱因斯坦定域性假设提出,但经过一系列实验检验以后却发现量子力学预期虽然破坏了贝尔不等式,却仍然有效,也就是说定域性假设对量子力学不具有约束性,即不是判定量子力学完备性的必要条件。由此形成了"贝尔定理",贝尔定理是一组理论结果的集合名称,而所有这些结果都显示了量子力学的定域实在性解释是不可能的。与此同时,非定域性和量子力学就紧密的结合在一起,非定域性在量子理论的许多发展和应用过程中起到了非常关键的作用,但是对涉及到非定域性本身属性的一些问题还没有解决,因此有必要对非定域性的发现过程有一个清楚的了解,以便得到更深刻的认识。应该说非定域性的研究从EPR提出就开始了,EPR论证说明了在量子世界中相互远离的系统之间存在着奇特的关联,尤其是在1951年,波姆EPR思想实验提出以后,正统量子力学及其各种解释认定这种关联就是非定域性的,即使在两个光信号无法到达的系统之间仍然就具有这种非定域影响。而贝尔不等式的发现和贝尔定理的形成,正有力地支持了量子力学非定域性。本文认为非定域性本质上是一种潜在的整体性,同时量子理论统计关联性也是一种整体性,显在的整体性,二者通过量子测量过程统一在量子力学的整体性特征之中;统计关联性是非定域性的外显形式,或者说实现形式。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a strong evidence that against the completeness of quantum mechanics, EPR argument has a profound affect on the development of quantum mechanics. However, until the born of Bell’s inequality, the argument made a breakthrough. Bell’s inequality was proposed on the assumption of locality, but later was found the assumption was not necessary for the completeness of quantum mechanics. Then, Bell’s theorem was formed. Bell’s theorem is a collect name of a set of theory results that show the impossibility of quantum mechanics ‘local reality interpretation. At the same time, non-locality was combined with quantum mechanics tightly, and played an important role in developments and applications of quantum theories, when referred to the essential questions of non-locality, little is known, however. Thus it is very necessary to get a clear idea of discovery of non-locality to help us know more. We should say that the study of non-locality has began at the propose of EPR, EPR argument shows that in quantum world, systems that stay far away have strange correlation, especially after propose of Bohm’s metal experiment of EPR in 1951, orthodox quantum mechanics and its interpretations all believe that this correlation is non-local, the affect exists even between two systems that no light signal can arrive. The appearance of Bell’s inequality and Bell’ theorem provides good evidence for non-locality of quantum mechanics. The paper wants to say that non-locality is a kind of potential holism, and the statistic correlation of quantum theories is kind of holism, a kind of actual holism,the two are unified in the holism of quantum mechanics by measurement process, that is, the statistic correlation is the actual form of non-locality.更多还原