【作者】 张文昌； 庄益芬；

【Author】 ZHANG Wen-chang, ZHUANG Yi-fen(College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China)

【机构】 福建农林大学动物科学学院；

【摘要】 由鸡种蛋产出体外胚胎的培养液都采用鸡蛋的稀蛋白,但鹌鹑蛋小,稀蛋白量少而粘稠,不宜提取。本试验拟以易于提取的鸡稀蛋白作培养液,探讨鹌鹑种蛋产出体外胚胎不经自然孵化,直接进行体外培养的新途径。50个胚胎来自蛋用鹌鹑品种新鲜种蛋,从迪卡蛋鸡商品蛋中分离提取的稀蛋白,用刚刚开产的迪卡蛋鸡商品蛋作完。代用蛋壳用钢锯锯条和剃须刀片开口,口径约为2.0cm。第1次换壳所用代用蛋壳去掉鸡蛋的锐端,作完蛋比种蛋重5g以上,第2次换壳所用代用蛋壳在鸡蛋的钝端开口,作壳蛋比种蛋的重15g。打开种蛋,剥离蛋白,把带有胚胎的裸黄小心地放入装有少量培养液的锐端开口的代用蛋壳内,再用同种培养液将蛋壳注满,开口用经灭菌的市售保鲜膜密封后,固定在中间留有圆孔的两块薄木板上,放入孵化器培养。2.5d后将内容物直接移入钝端开口的代用蛋壳中,培养液留量以与种蛋稀、浓蛋白总量相当为宜,开口仍用保鲜膜封好,膜与培养液间留出一定空间,作为人工气室,再放回孵化器培养至出雏。1～2.5d、2.5～15d和15～17d胚胎培养温度分别是38.O□、37.8□D和37.5□,相对湿度分别是60%、55%和70%,1～14d每小时翻蛋1次,翻蛋角度1～2.5d为90°,2.5～14d为50°,15d后静止落盘。为保证鹌鹑胚胎正常呼吸,当鹌鹑胚胎啄壳,喙伸入气室时,在保鲜膜上钻一些小孔,待胎膜上血管枯萎时将封口保鲜膜揭掉,以培养皿取而代之,避免壳内水分蒸发过速。2.5d和15d胚胎存活率以及孵化率分别为92%、78%和28%,14只雏鹑中有3只弱雏。可见鹌鹑胚胎不排斥鸡稀蛋白,用鸡稀蛋白培养鹌鹑胚胎可行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fifty quail embryos were used to examine the possibility of its culture by thin chick egg white in the chicken eggshell. Only the yolk portion with the quail embryo was transferred into the eggshell of a chick egg, which was about 5 g heavier than the quail egg. The acute end of the chick egg was cut off by diameter of about 2.0 cm. The eggshell with quail embryo was filled with thin chick egg white, sealed with plastic film, and anchored with rubber bands and two pieces of boards with a hole on each one. They were cultured hi an incubator at 38.0 D, 60% for RH, and turned with an angle of 90?once every hour. The above contents in the eggshell were transferred into an eggshell of another chick egg which was about 15 g heavier than a quail egg on day 2.5. The obtuse end of the eggshell was cut off by diameter of about 2.0 cm. Then they were put into an mcubator after sealing and were turned with an angle of 50?once every hour, at 37.8 D and 55% for RH until day 15. Stopped turning the eggs from day 15 to 17, and cultured at 37.5D, 70% for RH. In order to help their breathing, holes were made in the plastic film with a needle as pulmonary respiratory function started in the quail embryo, and the plastic film was removed when the blood vessel withered on the embryolemma. A petri dish was put on the eggshell to prevent the quail embryo from drying. The survival rate of the quail embryos was 92% at days 2.5, 78% at days 15. Hatchability was 28%, 3 of 14 young quails were weak. The result suggested that the thin chick egg white was not rejected by the quail embryo, and it was a good in vitro culture medium for the quail embryo.更多还原