【作者】 黄剑华； 陆瑞菊； 何南扬； 龚来庭； 王亦菲； 孙月芳； 周润梅；

【Author】 Huang Jianhua;Lu Ruiju;He Nanyang;Gong Laiting;Wang Yifei;Sun Yuefang;Zhou Runmei Biotech Research Center, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106 Jiaxing Institute of Agricutural Sciences, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314016

【机构】 上海市农科院生物技术研究中心； 浙江省嘉兴市农科院；

【摘要】 以大田种植的大麦为供体材料,研究了影响游离小孢子活力和胚状体形成的因素。发现:分期播种,可以在一定程度上获取更多的高活力型小孢子;在提取液和培养液内添加10mg/L秋水仙碱可以明显提高逆境下生长的供体植株花药中游离小孢子存活率,特别可以提高迟钝型材料游离小孢子存活力;离体麦穗3℃预处理20天后游离小孢子进行培养可以获得一定量的多细胞结构(MCS)和胚状体(ELS),诱导培养基中添加完整小花,特别是四倍体材料的小花可以显著提高MCS和ELS的产量。尽早转移胚状体(2mm)可以提高绿苗分化力。利用建成的大麦小孢子加倍单倍体育种技术程序,育成了一批新品系、株系。利用游离小孢子诱变及筛选技术程序获得一批耐盐、耐酸铝的变异体材料。用CST(粘度)高的大麦新品系“花96-18”作基本原料,研制成保健食品“粗谷纤维冲剂”,已投放市场。更多还原

【Abstract】 The factors influencing survival of isolated microspores and production ofembryo-like structure were studied using field--grown plants of lines and F₁-F₂ hybrids ofbarley as experimental materials. The results showed that 1) more survived microsporescould be obtained from several--sowing method. 2) microspore--survival of donor plantsgrown in stress condition, especially, for low--responding genotypes was able to beimproved by addition of 10 mg/L colchicine in isolating and culturing solution. 3) theregeneration of green--plant could be promoted by early transfer of embryo like structure. A number of MCS was produced by in vitro culture of barley isolated microsporesderived from spikes pretreated at 3℃ for 20 days and the production of MCS and ELS weresignificantly promoted by adding barley florets into to induction medium, especially addingfloret derived from tetraploid barley.Several new lines of barley with high quality and yield were developed through DH-breeding. NaCl--and aluminum--tolerant variants of barley were selected from procedure ofmicrospore culture with mutagenic and stress--treatments. Using new barley strain "Hua96--18" with high CST as basal material, a product of health food was developed and put inmarket.更多还原