【作者】 童辉杰；

【Author】 Tone Huge (The Institute of Applied Psychology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021)

【机构】 苏州大学东区应用心理学研究所；

【摘要】 目的:探索与反省编制中国人心理健康评定量表的技术思路。方法:对10多个省市抽取的成人样本1000人、10所不同类型的高校分层整群抽取的2645名大学生样本、以及116名住院精神障碍患者进行测量研究。结果:(1)尝试将评估内容与DSM-Ⅳ、ICD-10、CCMD-3保持一致,设计成6层次43个分量表,是有意义的探索;(2)心理健康不等于没有障碍,尝试测量健康效能与资源,作为其中一项重要内容;(3)为适合临床评估的迫切需要,发展了自杀和暴力伤人风险评估分量表;(4)针对中国国情,发展了多种对装好.随机作答等测验心向的测量技术与处理策略;(5)各分量表重测信度平均.70;α系数平均.78;分半信度平均.74。与MMPI、CPI、EPQ等多种心理测量的相关提供了聚合效度与区分效度的充分证据。探索性因素分析对每一分量表的题目进行一阶因素分析,能解释的总变异从最低53%到最高72%;对分量表的二阶因素分析,抽出三个因素,解释总变异的70.18%。验证性因素分析证实有合理的因素效度。实证效度以住院精神障碍患者为对照组,与大学生组进行比较,表明各分量表有很好的区分能力。(6)成人常模与大学生常模样本的比较发现:大学生的心理健康状况并非比成人更糟,因此近20年来的一个主要的研究结论被挑战。结论:本研究是对编制真正适合中国人的心理健康评定量表的一次较深入的探索与反省,同时表明该评定量表(PHS)信度效度良好,有较好的应用潜力与价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To explore and meditate the technique of developing Chinese psychological health assessment scale. Method: Sampled 1000 adults from more than 10 provinces and cities, 2645 college students from 10 different types of universities and 116 patients in hospital with mental disorder, and compared with each other. Results: (1) 43 subscales in 6 aspects were designed in accordance with DSM-Ⅳ、 ICD-10、CCMD-3. (2) As psychological health wasn’t equal to non-disorder, health efficiency and resource were measured as an important content in the research. (3) To meet the need of clinical assessment, suicide risk assessment subscale and violence risk assessment subscale were developed. (4) To suit with the situation of China, some measure techniques and strategies were developed to treat with the test tendencies, such as acting good, answering in random. (5) the mean test-retest reliability of the subscales was 0.70, the mean Cronbach Alpha was 0.78, the mean split reliability was 0.74. The correlations with MMPI、CPI、EPQ and other tests indicated PHS-S had good converge validity and discriminate validity. One-step explored factor analysis was applied to the items of subscales, 53% to 72% of the total variances could be explained reasonably. Two-step explored factor analysis for the sub-scales extracted three factors, 70.18% of the total variances could be explained. The results of confirmatory factor analysis proved that PHS-S had good construct validity. The patients with mental disorder in hospital, as the comparison group, were compared with the college students, and the results indicated that PHS-S had excellent discriminate ability. (6) The adults’ model was compared with the college students’ model, and the result showed that the college students’ health wasn’t worse than the adults’. Therefore, the main research conclusion in the 20 years was challenged. Conclusions: The research was a deep exploring and meditating for developing the psychological health assessment scale which was fit for Chinese. The result indicated that the reliability and validity of PHS-S were good, which had good applied potential and values.更多还原