【作者】 彭士明； 陈立侨； 叶金云； 龙章强； 李二超； 王伟； 王友慧；

【Author】 PENG Shi-ming~1 CHEN Li-qiao~1 YE Jin-yun~2 LONG Zhang-qiang~1 LI Er-chao~1 WANG Wei~1 WANG You-hui~2 1.School of Life Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China; 2.Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Hazhou 313001,China

【机构】 华东师范大学生命科学学院； 浙江省淡水水产研究所；

【摘要】 研究了饲料中添加氧化鱼油对黑鲷（Acanthopagrus schlegeli）生长性能、脂质过氧化及肝组织结构的影响。分别以新鲜鱼油(过氧化物值 POV,1.27 meq O₂·kg^-1油)与氧化酸败鱼油(POV,45 meq O₂·kg^-1油)为脂肪源配制等蛋等能的两种配合饲料,投喂平均体重18.9 g 的黑鲷幼鱼9周。结果显示,氧化鱼油显著降低了黑鲷幼鱼的增重率（WG）、饲料效率（FE） 及蛋白质效率（PER）（P<0.05）。饲料中添加氧化鱼油导致鱼体蛋白质含量极显著降低（P< 0.01）、肝脏与肌肉中脂肪含量显著升高（P<0.05）,而对鱼体、肝脏及肌肉中的水分及灰分含量无显著影响（P>0.05）。氧化鱼油组肝脏中脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量显著高于对照组,而维生素 E 含量则显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。饲料中添加氧化鱼油显著影响黑鲷肝脏内主要抗氧化酶活性,氧化鱼油组肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）与过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;组织学结果显示氧化鱼油组肝脏出现明显病变,细胞核多集中在肝细胞边缘,肝细胞变大。统计分析表明,氧化酸败油脂显著降低了黑鲷的生长性能,加重了组织中脂质过氧化的程度,并导致肝脏组织发生病变。更多还原

【Abstract】 In fish,in vivo lipid peroxidation caused by oxygen radicals is a principal cause of several diseases.Tissue lipid PUFA content and unsaturation index are critical factors in lipid peroxidation,and as marine fish tissues contain large quantities of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids（HUFA）,there is a high risk of peroxidative attack and damage.Marine fish must obtain preformed HUFA in their diet as they are unable to synthesise HUFA due to deficiencies in the desaturation and elongation pathway necessary for their biosynthesis.Therefore,HUFA are,on one hand,essential for optimal growth and development of marine fish,but they also impose a significant peroxidation burden.The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of oxidized fish oil in diets for black seabream on growth,lipid peroxidation in liver and hepatic histology.Two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated utilizing fresh fish oil (peroxide value, 1.27 meq·kg^-1 oil)and oxidized fish oil(peroxide value,45 meq·kg^-1 oil)as the lipid source respectively and the diet prepared with fresh fish oil served as control.The fish was fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 63 days.Each diet was assigned to triplicate groups,and each group was stocked with 30 juveniles with an initial weight of 18.6 g.Weight gain,feed efficiencies and protein efficiency ratios of the fish fed the diet containing oxidized fish oil were significantly lower than those fed the control diet（P< 0.05）.The protein content of carcass of the fish fed the diet containing oxidized fish oil was significantly reduced（P<0.01）.There was a significant effect of oxidized fish oil on the lipid content in the liver and muscle（P<0.05）.However,no effect on moisture and protein contents in liver and muscle was observed （P>0.05）.The hepatic peroxidation was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances（TBARS）. TBARS values were higher for fish fed the diet containing oxidized fish oil than those fed the control diet （P<0.05）,but the hepatic VE content was significantly reduced by the dietary oxidized fish oil（P< 0.05）.Additionally,hepatic superoxide dismutase（SOD）and catalase（CAT）activities in fish fed the diet adding oxidized fish oil were also significantly increased（P<0.05）.Histologically,fish fed the diet containing oxidized fish oil showed loci of hepatocytes with enlarged irregular nuclei located at the periphery of the cell,and some lipidic vacuoles in the cytoplasm.The present results suggest that growth performance of juvenile black seabream can be affected seriously by oxidized fish oil.The TBARS values and histological changes observed suggest an impact of oxidized fish oil on the transport or metabolism of fat in the fish which requires further investigation.更多还原