【作者】 朱新平； 周莉； 陈永乐； 桂建芳；

【Author】 Zhu Xinping Zhou Li Chen Yongle Gui Jianfang (Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072 Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510380,China)

【机构】 中国科学院水生生物研究所； 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所；

【摘要】 本文对黄喉拟水龟的两个种群进行了遗传分析与比较。南方种群与北方种群在体色、成熟个体大小、卵的大小及稚龟的大小方面有明显差异。南方种群背甲颜色较深,头顶为褐色;北方种群背甲颜色较浅,头顶为青绿色;南方种群的成熟个体、卵以及稚龟均明显大于北方种群。用30个随机引物,PCR扩增,28个引物产生了可重复的清晰的扩增图谱,其中有16个引物扩增出特异于南方或北方种群的DNA片段,从中鉴定了20个特异于南方或北方种群的分子标记。种内的平均遗传距高为 0．229±0．108,遗传多样性较高。南方种群内的平均遗传距离为0．182±0．108,北方种群内的平均遗传距离为0．233±0．0642。两个种群间的平均遗传距离为0．387±0．0475。采用NJTREE构建了种内14个个体的相互关系的分支图,其明显分为两个种群。结果表明,两个种群的遗传差异较大,可能达到亚种水平。建议在保护该物种时,需要对两个种群分别进行保护,不致基因丧失。本研究为黄喉拟水龟种群分类鉴定,种质资源保护、开发利用和选择育种提供了基础数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,two populations of Mauremys mutica Cantor were analyzed and compared in genetic. There are significant difference between southern populations and northern populations in color of carapace and head and sizes of mature individuals, egg and juveniles. The color of southern populations is brown and northern populations is yellow and green,especially in head. The sizes of mature individuals, eggs and juveniles of southern populations are larger than northern populations. It was studied by the random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) technique, using 30 10-nucleotide-long primers. Twenty-eight primers produced well-amplified DNA fragments with reproducible banding patterns,and sixteen primers produced twenty molecular markers to distinguish southern populations and northern populations. The average genetic distance was 0.229±0.0108 among the individuals of Mauremys mutica, and 0.182±0.0481 among the individuals of southern populations, and 0.233±0.0642 among the individuals of northern populations. It showed the genetic diversity in the individuals of Mauremys mutica was relatively large.The average genetic distance was 0.387±0.0475 between southern populations and northern populations. The phylogenetic tree of the 14 individuals from Mauremys mutica was obtained by NJTREE analysis in the RAPD is-tance program. There were two populations in Mauremys mutica in evidence. The genetic diversity within two populations was significant. Two populations of Mauremys mutica should be respectively protected and utilized. The study will likely benefit evolutionary genetics,populations distinguishing,germplasm protecting and selective breeding of Mauremys mutica.更多还原