【作者】 颜正平；

【Author】 YAN Zheng- ping (Department of Soil and Water Conservation,Chung- H sing University,Taiwan)

【机构】 台湾中兴大学水土保持学系；

【摘要】 台湾因受板块挤压 ,以致岩石破碎、地质脆弱且坡度陡峻、表层岩层土砂堆积不易稳定 ,顺向崩积层及断层带等地质不佳因素 ,加以地震频仍 ,山崩、地滑、土石流等灾害不断。 1 999年 9月 2 1日凌晨 1时 47分 1 2 .6秒 ,以集集地区为震央 ,发生芮氏震度规模为 7.3级之台湾百年大地震 ,天灾地裂 ,天摇地动 ,山河变貌 ,残垣断壁 ,死逾2 0 0 0人 ,伤逾万人 ,房屋倾倒者近 2万栋 ,造成严重灾害。虽然地质骤然大规模断层滑动无法预知 ,此即大自然存在之不确定 ,但可确定者为调查断层之确实位置及撤离断层 ,或为可能减少灾难之方法。灾害防治之基本原则为预防、避开、缓冲、替代、限制、监测、维护等 ,亦即防灾减灾之基本方法 ,注动其原则与方法 ,即可使灾害减轻至最少更多还原

【Abstract】 Situated in a region of active ground plate activities,Taiwan sits on a host of punishing geographical factors,ranging from fragmented rock formation,fragile geography interlaced with steep slopes,unstable surface rock formation and soil/sand deposits,peripheral drops and faultzones,resulting in the constant threats of earthquakes,landfall,landslide,mudslide.The millennial quake disaster, recorded at 7.3on the open- ended Richter Scale,struck at 1 :47AM,September 2 1 ,1 999,with the epicenter in the central Chi- Chi area,shattered the earth in violent shakes,eradicating everything in sight over an expansive radius,distorting the face of the earth,disrupting the course of many rivers along the way.The unprecedented casualty ran high ata staggering2 0 0 0 in death toll and tens of thousand injured to various degrees,leftmany homeless as nearly2 0 0 0 0 houses were flattened.Despite thatthere is no way of foretelling when a large- scale of disruption to the ground plates is going to happen,the uncertainty that all of us have to live with under the power of the nature,what can be certain is thatby diligent surveying of the precise locations and effective evacuation from potential fault zones are ways to minimize the damages and losses when and if should disasters hit.The paragon behind disaster prevention lies in prevention,evacuation,distance,substitution,restriction,monitoring and maintenance among related measures,which are the essential means of disaster prevention and minimization,and a smart maneuver of the rightgroundwork and methods can effectively reduce the impacts of disasters to a minimum sustainable level更多还原