【作者】 鲍丹； 陶宁萍； 丁卓平；

【Author】 BAO Dan TAO Ning-ping DING Zhuo-ping (College of Food Science,Shanghai Fisheries University,Shanghai 200090,China)

【机构】 上海水产大学食品学院；

【摘要】 宝石鱼是我国近两年从澳大利亚引进的一种优良淡水养殖品种,目前国内对宝石鱼的分析尚属起步阶段。本文对宝石鱼、鲈鱼和鲑鱼肌肉及内脏中的一般营养成分(水分、灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪)及脂肪酸和氨基酸进行了分析比较。一般营养成分的分析均采用国标规定的方法;脂肪酸的测定采用气相色谱法:氨基酸的测定采用液相色谱法。结果表明:宝石鱼的不可食部分中内脏占的比例很高,为鱼体重的32.90%,而其中主要含一大块"油团",脂肪含量高达87.06%:宝石鱼肌肉及内脏中的水分、灰分和粗蛋白含量都比鲈鱼和鲑鱼低;而脂肪含量明显高于鲈鱼和鲑鱼,其中宝石鱼腹部和背部脂肪含量分别为43.13%、39.73%,约为鲈鱼及鲑鱼腹部和背部脂肪含量的26倍和8倍;对三种鱼的脂肪酸组成进行分析,共确定19种脂肪酸,其中20:5ω3(EPA)和22:6ω3(DHA)总量占鱼内脏比例最高的是宝石鱼,达4.115%;宝石鱼、鲈鱼和鲑鱼肌肉中的必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量最高的为宝石鱼,达42.18%,氨基酸分(AAS)分别为1.16、0.75和0.73。由此可见,宝石鱼有很高的食用价值,而内脏中所含的"油团"有广阔的开发前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Jade Perch is a kind of good freshwater breeding species introduced from Australia in recent two years.At present,the research of Jade perch is still in the beginning period.The common nutritional composition(moisture and crude ash,protein and fat)as well as fatty acid,amino acid of the muscle and viscera of jade perch,perch and salmon were studied in this paper.The common nutritional composition was analyzed by the method of GB,fatty acid as well as amino acid was analyzed by gas and liquid chromatography respectively.The results showed that the inedible viscera organ of jade perch was high, accounted for 32.90% of the total weight.It contained a very large"oil part",which crude fat was up to 87.06%.The contents of moisture,crude ash and crude protein in the muscle and viscera of jade perch were all lower than those of perch and salmon,but its crude fat was higher obviously than perch and salmon. The crude fats of the abdomen and back of jade perch were 43.13% and 39.73%,which were 26 and 8 times of perch and salmon respectively.The fatty acid composition of the three fishes were analyzed by gas chromatography,and 19 fatty acids were characterized in which EPA and DHA amounts to 4.115% in the viscera of jade perch.Moreover,the essential amino acids accounted for 42.18% of total amino acids in jade perch,which was the highest content compared with other two fishes.The Amino Acid Score(AAS) of jade perch,perch and salmon was 1.16,0.75 and 0.73 respectively.Therefore,jade perch has a high edible value,and there will be a good future on development of"oil part"of the viscera.更多还原