【作者】 黄永莲； 黄硕琳；

【Author】 HUANG Yong-lian HUANG Shuo-lin (Ocean College,Shanghai Fisheries University,Shanghai 200090,China)

【机构】 上海水产大学海洋学院；

【摘要】 中西太平洋是世界金枪鱼围网渔业的主要渔场之一,主要渔获鱼种为鲣鱼、黄鳍金枪鱼与大目金枪鱼。一直以来,美国、日本、韩国和我国台湾省在该海域围网渔业中占主导地位,但近几年来太平洋岛国开始发展本国的围网渔业。我国于2001年开始发展围网作业,目前共有6艘围网船,均在中西太平洋海域作业,2003年总渔获量为23661吨。南太平洋论坛渔业局(FFA)规定,入渔中西太平洋的外国渔船必须在其地区注册部进行登记,并遵守"最低入渔合作条件"。"瑙鲁协定"对入渔的外国渔船做出要求,"帕劳协定"限制总入渔围网船数为205艘。中西太平洋渔业委员会(WCPFC)提出决定公约区内的总许可渔获量和捕捞努力量。鉴于资源状况,WCPFC将首先对大目和黄鳍进行管理。金枪鱼和旗鱼常设委员会第17会议(SCTB17),PEA提出执行"总捕捞天数"的设想,以打破205艘可作业围网船的格局,估计会对我国发展金枪鱼围网渔业有利。因此发展我国中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业的挑战和机遇并存。为持续健康地发展我国中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业,有关方面应把金枪鱼围网渔业列入国家发展计划,统一规划,合理布局,重点考虑中西太平洋尚处于中等开发程度的鲣鱼资源。同时完善远洋渔业管理措施,加强科学研究及渔业企业管理人员和船员的培训,积极参加有关国际活动,密切与有关国家和区域组织的合作。更多还原

【Abstract】 The western and-central Pacific Ocean(hereafter WCPO)is one of the main fishing grounds of tuna purse seine fishery in the World with the main target species skipjack,yeUowfin and bigeye tuna.For a long time,the fleets from U.S.A,Japan,Korea and TaiWan Province,China have taken the dominant position in the WCPO.But the Pacific island states began to development their own tuna purse seine fisheries in the recent years.China developed purse seine fishery in 2001,and there are 6 purse seine fishing vessels all operating in the WCPO,the total catch is 23.661 metric tones in 2003.In accordance with the regulations of South Pacifie Forum Fisheries Agency(FFA),distant water fishing vessels operated in the WCPO must be registered in its Regional Registry,and comply with the Minimus terms and conditions (MTCs)."Nauru Agreement"gives the requirements for the operating distant water vessels,and"Paula Agreement"limited that the total number of the purse seiners in the WCPO is 205.The Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission(WCPFC)put forward that it shall determine the total allowable catch or total level of fishing effort within the Convention Area.Due to the present resources status,WCPFC will firstly implement the management measures for bigeye and yellowfin tuna.At Seventeenth Meeting of the Standing Committee on Tuna and Billfish(SCTB 17),FFA gives the tentative plan of"Vessel Days System"to break the original pattern of 205 total allowable purse seiners.So,there are not only challenges but also opportunities for the development of China Tuna Purse Seine Fishery.In order to assure the sustainable and healthy development of our tuna purse seine fishery,the authorities concerned should place the tuna purse seine fishery into the national development plan,harmonize the program and rationalize the project, emphasizes the moderate exploited skipjack resources in the WCPO.Simultaneously,strengthening the scientific researches and the training of the officers and men of fishing enterprises,and actively participating in the relevant international actions and cooperating closely with the relevant states and the regional organizations.更多还原