【作者】 陆剑锋； 赵维信；

【Author】 LU Jian-feng~(1,2) ZHAO Wei-xin~1 (1.College of Aqua-life Science and Technology,Shanghai Fisheries University,Shanghai 200090,China;2.Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China)

【机构】 上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院； 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所；

【摘要】 对早熟和正常发育的中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)大颚器(mandibular organ,MO)进行解剖学和组织学研究,并且运用体外放射化学方法跟踪测定早熟和正常发育的中华绒螯蟹大颚器合成和分泌的激素-甲基法尼酯(methyl farnesoate,MF),研究发现早熟蟹的MO在当年秋季就已充分发育,MO细胞直径在当年11月达到最大值,当年9月MF合成速率约为正常蟹的2倍,在当年秋季(11月份)达到峰值,之后MF合成速率显著降低,而成熟系数继续升高;正常发育幼蟹的MO在当年细胞排列紧密,直到翌年秋季才充分发育,正常发育成蟹(二秋龄)在10月份达到最大值,当年9月至翌年4月的MF合成速率始终维持较低水平,翌年6月开始,MF合成速率迅速增大,至翌年10月的MF合成速率已超过早熟蟹的峰值,11月的MF合成速率明显降低,性腺发育至Ⅳ末。研究结果表明:早熟蟹MO较正常发育蟹提早一年发育,在当年就大量合成和分泌促性腺激素—MF,刺激卵巢发育和成熟,这可能是导致中华绒螯蟹性早熟的主要内分泌因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Anatomic and histological observations have been mad for mandibular organ(MO)in precocious and normal Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis),and methyl famesoate(MF)secreted by MO was also investigated by using in vitro radiochemical method.It was found that MO of precocious crab well developed in autumn(Ist year)and the diameter of MO cells reached maximum value in November. MF biosynthesis rates of precocious crabs in September were about two times higher than that of normal juvenile crabs and reached the peak levels in November(Ist autumn).After that,they decreased significantly,but gonad-somatic index(GSI)continued increased rapidly.The MO cells of juvenile normal crab were quite small and close arrangement in autumn(Ist year),MO did not develop until the autumn in the second year.The diameter of MO cells of adult normal crab(two autumn crab)reached its maximum value in October.In normal crabs,MF biosynthetic rates remained much lower levels from September(Ist year)to April(2nd year)with undeveloped gonads.Since June(2nd year),MF biosynthetic rates increased rapidly.In October(2nd year),MF biosynthetic rates were beyond the peak levels of precocious crab.In November,MF decreased significantly while gonads reached the end of stageⅣ.These results indicated that MO of precocious crab developed one year earlier than that of normal crab.MO development in advance in precocious crab made large amounts of MF to be biosynthesized and secreted,and then stimulated ovarian development and maturation.It seemed likely that MF was the major endocrine factor for causing precociousness of crab.更多还原