【作者】 宋美珍； 喻树迅； 范术丽； 原日红； 黄祯茂；

【Author】 SONG Mei-zhen, YU Shu-xun, FAN Shu-li, YUAN Ri-hong, HUANG Zhen-mao (Cotton Research Institute, CAAS, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement of MOA, Anyang 455004,China)

【机构】 中国农业科学院棉花研究所农业部棉花遗传改良重点实验室；

【摘要】 选用5个早熟不早衰的短季棉品种和5个早衰的短季棉品种进行双列杂交,通过对亲本、F1和F2代早熟不早衰短季棉品种的主要特性的研究。结果表明:早熟不早衰品种的产量、纤维品质和抗氧化系统酶活性都高于早衰品种,且存在着不同的遗传规律;子棉产量、皮棉产量和衣分三个性状以显性效应为主其次为加性效应,铃重和成铃数以显性效应为主,果枝数以加性效应为主,株高以加性与加性的上位效应为主,生育期、始花期、铃期和果枝始节4个性状以加性效应为主,其次为显性效应;2.5%跨长、比强度、伸长率3个性状以加性效应为主,其次为显性效应;CAT以加性上位性效应为主,其次为显性效应,POD以加性效应为主,其次为加性上位性效应,SOD以显性效应为主,其次为加性上位性效应;MDA含量和可溶性蛋白含量以加性上位性效应为主;IAA以显性效应为主,其次为加性效应;ABA以加性效应为主,其次为显性效应。根据这些特性,指导早熟不早衰短季棉品种的选育。更多还原

【Abstract】 Five short season cultivars （SSC） with no premature senescence were selected to cross with 5 SSC cultivars with premature senescence. The parents, F₁ and F₂ from the reciprocal crosses were studied. The results indicated that the yield, the fiber quality and the activities of the protecting enzymes of antioxidant systems such as CAT,SOD, and POD were higher in SSC cultivars with no premature senescence than these in SSC cultivars with premature senescence. These traits existed different genetic laws. The seed yield, lint yield and lint index existed significant dominant effects. Boll weight and bolls existed dominant effects. The number of fruit branches was controlled by addition effects and plant height was controlled by addition×addition epistasis effects. Some traits were relative with the earliness traits that existed significant additive effects, dominant effects and no additive×additive epistasis effects, such as the plant growing period, date of first flower, boll maturation period and the situation of first fruit branch. The fiber quality traits existed significant additive effects, dominant effects. CAT existed significant additive×additive epistasis effects, the next was dominant effects. POD existed significant additive effects, the next was additive×additive epistasis effects. SOD existed significant dominant effects, the next was additive×additive epistasis effects. The contents of MDA and soluble protein existed significant additive×additive epistasis effects. IAA existed significant dominant effects, the next was additive effects, ABA existed significant additive effects, the next was dominant effects. the results could be provided for the direction of SSC breeding.更多还原