【作者】 张晓瑜； 张光昭；

【Author】 Xiaoyu Zhang and Guangzhao Zhang Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (510275)

【机构】 中山大学电子与通信工程系；

【摘要】 Peer-to-peer(P2P)网络为因特网上大型数据传输提供了一个有力的平台。但是,P2P网络和底层网络路由与流控的相对独立性实际会抵消各自的性能。本文提出了一个简便的以支持P2P网络和网络服务提供商(ISP)之间进行合作的方案。该方案设置边缘路由器作为“交通灯”。当被监测的链路显示拥塞的迹象或者成为关键链路(高开销链路)时,边缘路由器对P2P数据包显示“红灯”,迫使它们寻找新的路径。同时,边缘路由器收集P2P网络的本地节点资源信息,提供给P2P系统,以促进P2P网络的性能。仿真实验表明所提的合作方案可以同时使P2P网络和底层ISP网络收益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Peer-to-peer (P2P) applications have become a prevailing platform to facilitate large volume data transfer on the Internet. These applications include BitTorrent (BT), eMule for file downloading, Skype for voice over IP (VOIP), and PPLive for video broadcasting. Peer-to-peer networks circumvent the bottlenecks of traditional Server/Client infrastructures, enabling faster and more flexible and scalable services to end users. However, with their wide acceptation, extraordinarily more and more bandwidth is consumed by P2P applications. As a consequence, these somehow anarchical applications impose high pressure on Internet Service Providers’ (ISPs’) physical network infrastructure, pricing policy, network management and traffic engineering. This situation has created a hostile atmosphere between P2P applications and ISPs ever since the former become prevalent. In this paper, we propose a cooperation scheme to conciliate P2P networks and ISPs, and to improve the performance of both layers. For P2P networks, end systems provide their peer information to their local ISPs, which would be returned to nearby peers. For ISPs, they monitor some special links. When these links show signs of incoming congestion or being used too expensively, certain control is triggered to force P2P traffic to choose alternate links. In this way, P2P networks preserve locality; and ISPs are able to reduce duplicate connections on back-bone links, to balance traffic load and decrease the total cost for traffic traversing different ISPs. Our scheme is like establishing traffic lights on networks. Eventually, both sides should benefit from this scheme. We evaluate our scheme using the General Peer-to-Peer Simulator (GPS). We plug in our cooperation protocol. We evaluate the performance of BT and that of the underlying network with and without our cooperation scheme. Evaluation results from various simulations prove that the CPI scheme can provide comparable or even better performance for P2P systems while avoiding congestion on backbone networks. It brings a win-win to each side.更多还原