【作者】 常亚平； 闫俊；

【Author】 Chang Yaping Yan Jun

【机构】 武汉科技学院管理学院；

【摘要】 中国是世界上最大的纺织品生产国和出口国。我国创汇的25%和净创汇的60%由纺织业实现。纺织业还实现了8000亿的工业产值和解决了800万人口就业。由于我国纺织业在国民经济和出口贸易中的重要地位,加入WTO后我国纺织业的未来走势问题已经开始成为一个重要而紧迫的研究课题。很多一般性研究认为,加入WTO后中国纺织业会全面利好。其实不尽如此,应该是机遇与挑战并存。在纺织业内的各个亚行业也苦乐不均,除服装业具有较强的国际竞争力外,上游各亚行业在短期内均面临严峻挑战。纺织业在我省国民经济中也同样具有举足轻重的地位,我省拥有棉纺能力328万锭,居全国第三;苎麻纺能力5.31万锭,居全国第二;纺机9.25台,居全国第四位。年总产值在350亿元左右,税收在12亿元左右,就业60万人左右。我省纺织业还是我省出口创汇的重要支柱,纺织业的创汇稳定占有我省出口创汇的30%,高于全国25%的平均水平。由于我省是老纺织基地,产业结构受计划经济影响严重,具有较强国家竞争优势的下游产业不足,具有较弱国家竞争优势的上游产业过剩。在过剩的上游产业中,以还没有转制的国有企业为主体。这样的亚行业结构、体制结构和产权结构就决定了我省纺织业在加入WTO后所面临的形势会更加严峻,要想抓住机遇,就要付出更多的努力。本研究站在全球的高度,以加入WTO为背景,全面研究我国特别是我省在加入WTO后可能会面临的各种机遇和挑战,并根据我们的国情和省情特点,从改善产业结构,适应WTO的新要求;大力扶持服装业发展,创建我省龙头产业;解决体制问题,让国企腾飞;大力扶持民营经济,培养纺织业的国家队;广泛应用高新技术改造纺织业,实现产业升级;坚持正确的外贸路线,实施外贸带动战略;认真研究WTO协议,用好用足政策和加速纺织教育改革,培养适应WTO环境的人材等七方面提出了我省纺织业应对WTO的对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is the biggest producer and exporter in the world’s textile field. The textile industry contributes 25% of the foreign exchange income and 60% of the net foreign exchange income of our country, as well as 800 billion of national output value and 8 million of jobs. Alike its role in the country, the textile industry has played an important role in Hubei province. Hubei province possesses 3. 28 million spindles in cotton (No. 3 in the country), 5. 31 thousand in ramie (No. 2), 92. 5 thousand sets of textile - machine (No. 4). The annual output of textile industry of the province is about 35 billion yuan, taxes income 1. 2 billion yuan, employees 0. 6 million. Also as the pillar it creates foreign exchange income with a stable percentage of 30% of overall province and beyond the average of the country by 5%.As an old base of textile industry, the industrial structure of textile of Hubei has been influenced heavily by center - administrational economy system. The follow - up sub - industries with comparative competition advantage are insufficient. On the other side, the preceding sub - industries with weaker national competitive advantage are surplus, and more, most of them compose mainly of institute - unreformed state - owned enterprises. Such unreasoned structures of sub - industries-, institute and properties result that the textile industry of hubei province will be confronted with more bitter situation after entering WTO. So if we want to make use of the opportunity of WTO, we must make great effort.From the view of economy globalization, the paper gives an overall consideration on all kinds of chances and challenges to the textile industry of our country and Hubei province when entering WTO. According to the factual situation and characters of the country and the province, the paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures on seven aspects as follows.1. Improving the structure of the textile industry to meet the requirement of WTO2. Developing the clothing business to be a leading industry of Hubei province3. Freeing the national - owned enterprises by settling the problem of economic system4. Greatly fostering private enterprises to constitute a national force5. Extensively applying new and high technology to rebuild textile industry to upgrade it6. Persisting in correct route of foreign trade7. Carefully studying the agreements of WTO, making full use of laws and regulations, speeding up reform on textile education to train people of high quality更多还原