【作者】 张祥刚； 周爱梅； 林晓霞； 陈永泉； 杨公明；

【Author】 ZHANG Xiang-gang ZHOU Ai-mei LIN Xiao-xia CHEN Yong-quan YANG Gong-ming College of Food Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China

【机构】 华南农业大学食品学院；

【摘要】 对比研究了南美白对虾虾头、虾壳的一般化学成分及氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿质元素组成。结果表明,虾头、虾壳水分含量很高,分别为78.44%和75.15%;蛋白质、灰分、甲壳素含量丰富,以湿重计,虾头中分别为6.38%、3.62%和3.33%,虾壳中分别为5.22%、5.30%和6.67%;虾头中脂肪、总糖及总酸度以湿基计分别为2.42%、0.27%和2.30%,虾壳中则依次为1.09%、0.16%和2.29%。虾头、虾壳中氨基酸种类齐全,矿质元素含量丰富,含有人体8种必需氨基酸、4种呈味氨基酸以及7种对人体有益的微量元素。虾头、虾壳中油酸、亚油酸、DHA和EPA含量丰富,不饱和脂肪酸含量分别占游离脂肪酸总量的55.57%和48.42%(以干基计)。对比而言,虾头中脂肪、总糖、蛋白质高于虾壳,分别为虾壳的2.22倍、1.69倍和1.22倍;虾头中氨基酸总量及游离脂肪酸总量也明显高于虾壳,分别为虾壳的1.37倍和2.96倍;但虾壳中甲壳素含量显著高于虾头,为虾头的2.00倍;此外,虾壳中钙元素含量极高,占原料干重的19.6%,比虾头高1.87倍。更多还原

【Abstract】 General chemical compositions,amino acids,fatty acids and minerals of white shrimp head and shell were comparatively studied.The results showed that moisture content was very high in both shrimp head and shell,which amounted to 78.44% and 75.15% respectively.Both of shrimp head and shell were rich in protein,ash and chitin.By wet weight,the content of these compositions was 6.38%,3.62% and 3.33% respectively in shrimp head,and 5.22%,5.30% and 6.67% in shrimp shell.In shrimp head,the content of fat,total sugar and total acidity was 2.42%,0.27% and 2.30% respectively by wet weight,while in shrimp shell,the content of these chemicals was 1.09%,0.16% and 2.29% respectively. In addition,shrimp head and shell contained all amino acids and were rich in minerals.They contained 8 kinds of essential amino acids,4 kinds of flavoring amino acids and 7 kinds of beneficial trace elements.Oleic acid,linoleic acid,DHA and EPA were rich in shrimp head and shell,and their ratios of unsaturated fatty acids amounted to 55.57% and 48.42%(by dry weight)respectively.In comparison,the content of fat,total sugar and protein were higher in shrimp head than in shrimp shell,which were 2.22,1.69 and 1.22 times as much as that in shrimp shell.The content of total amino acids and free fatty acids in shrimp head was also obviously higher than that in shrimp shell,which was 1.37 and 2.96 times as much as that in shrimp shell.However,the content of chitin in shrimp shell was higher than that in shrimp head,which was 2.00 times as high as that in shrimp head.Furthermore,shrimp shell had high amount of calcium,which was 19.60% by dry weight and was 1.87 times higher than that in shrimp head.更多还原