【作者】 谢冰； 米文秀； 徐亚同；

【Author】 Xie Bing Mi Wen-xiu Xu Ya-tong Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration of Shanghai,Department of Environment Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China

【机构】 华东师范大学环境科学系上海市城市生态恢复和重建重点实验室；

【摘要】 生物脱臭技术由于其具有生态环境友好,节能和低处理费用等优点,在废气处理中越来越受到重视。本文研究了生物填料滤池对上海某石化废水产生的臭气的去除效果,并对滤料表面微生物群落结构进行了分析。结果表明,经过一个月左右的驯化,生物滤池对废气污染物的去除逐步提高,稳定阶段对硫化氢、氨氮及挥发性有机酸(VOCs)的平均去除率可达98%、91%和90%,并具有冲击有较好的抗冲击能力。填料表面生物膜的微生物培养计数表明,生物膜中异养细菌占绝对优势,真菌次之;分离培养得到的菌株中芽孢杆菌属占优势,占随机挑取菌株的62.5%,真菌中青霉属是优势类群。采用分子生物学技术分析生物滤料表面微生物群落结构的结果表明,优势微生物种类大多为不可培养细菌,与纯培养分离所得到的微生物类群有很大不同,但优势种属为芽孢杆菌属,与纯培养得到的结果类似。滤池内微生物多样性随运行时间逐渐升高,说明生物填料上的微生物能够利用臭气污染物进行生长,并随运行时间逐渐趋于稳定,微生物群落结构的变化和系统功能变化相一致。此外, 无论是纯培养还是分子生物学方法分析到的优势细菌均是广泛存在于环境中的臭气污染物去除的主要微生物。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biological treatment of odors is attracting attention due to its benign eco-friendliness,energy-savings and low operating costs.This paper investigated the biofiltration treating foul air generated from wastewater treatment plant in a Shanghai petrochemical factory as well as the biofilm microorganism community on the biofilter.The results showed that the average removal rate of H₂S,ammonia and VOCs （volatile organic compounds） could be reached to 98%, 91% and 90% respectively after a month acclimation,the biofiltration system has good resistance against shock inlet gas loading as well.The results of microbiological counting showed that the heterotrophic bacteria was predominated in biofilter isolation,and the next were fungi and actinomycetes.These bacterial and fungi are mostly identified as Bacillus （accounts for 62.5%） and Penicillium respectively.The results of molecular methods showed that nearly half of the bands represented the uncultured bacteria which were quite different from those obtained from the pure cultured,however,Bacillus are also the dominant bacteria,accounts for 33.3%.The results showed that the microbial diversity and similarity were gradually increased during the running更多还原