抗病无核葡萄胚挽救技术体系优化及新品系培育

【作者】 潘学军； 王跃进； 张剑侠； 唐冬梅；

【机构】 西北农林科技大学园艺学院；

【摘要】 以田间人工杂交的13个葡萄种间杂交组合和6个种内杂交组合为材料进行胚挽救技术体系的优化研究。通过胚挽救获得了19个杂交组合的葡萄新种质814份;获得了抗病无核葡萄胚挽救的适宜培养基、培养方式和最佳母本,三者搭配使胚发育率高达66．67%,成苗率达64．58％。运用形态特征和RAPD分析对欧洲葡萄无核品种×中国葡萄属野生种(杂种)的胚挽救苗进行真假杂种鉴定,获得了105株种间杂种,并从中选择出抗病无核葡萄单株 39个。首次建立了抗病无核葡萄聚合育种技术体系,并利用该技术体系成功培育了2个无核葡萄新品系。更多还原

【Abstract】 13 interspecific crosses and 6 crosses of V. vini fera have been obtained by artificial pollination in the vineyard in this study. 814 new grape seedlings of 19 crosses were obtained by embryo rescue breeding. The optimum medium, the best suitable cultural way and the best seedless maternal parents were obtained for abortive embryos development of diseases resistance seedless grapes. It could improve the embryo development ratio to 66. 67%, the ratio of seedling emergence to 64.58% .105 true hybrids coming from seedless cultivars (V. vini fera) ×Chinese wild Vitis (or its hybrid) by embryo rescue were selected by using both morphological characterization and RAPD analysis, 39 seedless grapes resistance to an-thracnose (or dowdy mildew) in of them. The breeding techniques for seedless grape resistant to disease including pollination technique in fields, embryo rescue breeding technique and marker-assisted breeding technique were selected. 2 new seedless cultivars were bred by using these techniques.更多还原