【作者】 张成合； 王彦华； 刘世雄； 申书兴； 刘学岷； 王玉海； 王子欣；

【Author】 Zhang Chenghe, Wang Yanhua, Lu Shixiong, Shen Shuxing, Liu Xuemin, Wan Yuhai , and Wan Zixing (Departement of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001; Hebei Academy of Agricultural Science, Shijiazhuang 050051)

【机构】 河北农业大学园艺系； 河北农林科学院；

【摘要】 对46个大白菜品种或类型的花粉进行了检测,并对2n雄配子(花粉)发生的细胞学基础进行了初步研究。结果表明,有6个材料有2n雄配子产生,其中5个材料的2n雄配子频率为2％左右,仅玉青品种中一个深绿色变异株的2n雄配子频率较高,为7．4％。2n雄配子的产生以形成三分体为主要途径,间或有二分体的形成。导致三分体形成的细胞学原因是减数分裂中期Ⅱ两个纺锤体的方位发生改变,即由正常的十字形方位变成了八字形方位。二分体的形成是中期Ⅱ两个纺锤体发生平行变异产生二级体的结果。此外还对2n雄配子和2n雌配子的发生频率及传递率进行了测定或估算。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pollen size of 46 varieties of chinese cabbage was examined, and cytological mechanisms was studied in this paper. The results showed that, in 46 varieties, 40 varieties without 2n pollen formation at all, in 6 varieties with 2n pollen formation, the frequency of 2n pollen of 5 varieties was about 2 %, only a plant of variety - Yuqing with a higher frequency, about 7.4%. Main way of 2n pollen formation in chinese cabbage was the formation of triads, once in a while, dyads were formed. The cytological cause of inducing triads formation is abnormal orientation of M Ⅱ spindles of meiosis, i.e., change of the normal cross type of M Ⅱ spindles into triangle type. Each of triads will produce one 2n gamete and two n gametes. The formation of dyads is due to the parallel orientation of M Ⅱ spindles. Each dyad will produce two 2n gametes. The frequencies of 2n egg and their transmitting ability to the filial generation were also estimated in this paper.更多还原