【作者】 王中炎； K．S．Gould； K．J．Patterson； R．G.Lowe；

【Author】 Wang Zhong-Yan, K. S. Gould, K. J. Patterson & B. G. Lowe(Hunan Horticultural Research Institute, Changsha 410125; Plant Soience Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand ; HortRe-search, Mt. Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand; HortResarch, Te Puke Research Centre, RD2, Te Puke, New Zealand)

【机构】 湖南省园艺研究所； 奥克兰大学生物学院植物系； 阿尔伯特山研究中心园艺研究所； 特朴克研究中心园艺研究所；

【摘要】 砧木种类极大地影响猕猴桃的花量。在长叶猕猴桃、毛花猕猴桃、山梨猕猴桃、美味猕猴桃和中华猕猴桃五种不同的砧木上,‘海沃德’接穗品种平均每新梢上的花数分别为6．2、5．5、3． 8、3．5和2．7,而营养生长势却十分相似。对春季花芽形态分化期芽的解剖观察表明;每个猕猴桃芽内通常都能分化大约8个花序原基,但其中一部分在发育过程中退化,不同砧木上花量的差异乃由于花原基退化率的差异所致。促进花芽形成的砧木还能显著地增加猕猴桃萌芽的百分率和集中度。这些砧木根中的淀粉在春季运转较多,根的木质部导管较多且大,韧皮部和皮层有大量的含有多糖类粘状物质和草酸钙晶体的异细胞。本文讨论了砧木根的解剖结构特征的生理意义及其与砧木作用的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The types of rootstocks markedly affected flower production of kiwifruit. For ’Hayward’ cul-tivar grown on Actinidia hemsleyana, A. eriantha, A. delictosa and A, chinensis rootstocks, flower numbers per shoot at anthesis were 6. 2, 5. 5, 3. 8, 3. 5 and 2. 7 respectively, whereas the vigour of vegetative growth of the scions was similar. Dissection of kiwifruit buds during flower differentiation in spring revealed that there were usually around eight inflorescence primordia initiated in each bud regardless of the types of rootstocks used. However, certain proportions of the primordia aborted during the course of their development. Rootstock-induced differences in flower production were due to different extents of floral abortion. Flower-promoting rootstocks also induced a high and synchronous budburst. Such rootstocks had high proportions of starch mobilised from the roots in spring. Their roots were characterised by many large vessels in the xylem, and high mucilage contents and large cross-sectional areas occupied by mu-cilage-oxalate crystal idioblasts in the pholem and cortex. The physiological implication of anatomical features and its possible link with rootstock effects are discussed.更多还原